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Professor Craig Williams

Professor Craig Williams

Professor of Paediatric Physiology and Health

 4890

 Baring Court 24

 

Baring Court, University of Exeter St Luke's Campus, Heavitree Road, Exeter, EX1 2LU, UK

Overview

Professor Craig Williams is Director of the Children’s Health and Exercise Research Centre (CHERC). He lectures on the physiological aspects of the both the undergraduate and postgraduate degree programmes.

Broad research specialisms:

I am internationally recognized for research in paediatric exercise physiology. I specialise in investigating the physiological responses to high intensity exercise and fatigue in children and adolescents (6-18 years).  This work is translated into clinical settings e.g., children with cystic fibrosis and congenital heart disease, as well as, applied youth sports performance (particularly in relation to the long term development of young athletes).

Qualifications

1987 BSc (Hons) Exeter
1992 MSc Alberta
1995 PhD Exeter
2006 Fellow of the Higher Education Academy

Career

2012-present Professor of Paediatric Physiology and Health
2006-present Honorary Research Fellow at RD&E Hospital Trust, Exeter
2006-2012 Associate Professor, University of Exeter
2003-2006 Full time Senior Lecturer, University of Exeter
1999-2003 Full time Lecturer, University of Exeter
1995-1999 Full time Lecturer, University of Brighton

Links

Research group links

Research

Research interests

My research work focuses on the physiological responses of exercise testing and training in both clinical and sporting paediatric groups. I work on establishing the physiological responses to the imposition of exercise stress in order to apply better prescription of exercise during testing and training of young people. In particular, I am interested in the determining factors of exercise tolerance (fatigue) and how these factors vary according to growth, maturation and sex.

Research projects

1. Cardiopulmonary and oxidative exercise responses of young cystic fibrosis patients

In the last eighteen years I have been using my expertise to translate research findings to clinical practice by working with young people who have cystic fibrosis.
Collaborators: Dr Alan Barker; Dr Patrick Oades (RD&E Foundation NHS Trust)
Funding body: RD&E Foundation NHS Trust

2. Helping Little Hearts Project

The helping Little Hearts project investigates the use of physical activity participation and exercise training in children with congenital heart defects. Most children with a surgically corrected heart defect have near normal exercise tolerance and could safely participate in competitive sport. Individuals with more complex structural defects may have significantly reduced exercise tolerance and functioning, but would still benefit from participating in physical activity in a recreational environment. However, evidence suggests that many children are underactive due to self-perceptions and parental anxiety.

This project is funded by the Leeds-based charity Heart Research UK, with the main objective of developing a comprehensive set of advice and recommendations to enable children with a heart defect to safely engage in sports and other physical activities. An exercise ‘prescription‘ toolkit has been successfully piloted in six UK cardiac centres, and is now being rolled out nationwide to all UK paediatric cardiac centres, such as Great Ormond Street and Belfast hospitals.

This ‘Toolkit‘ includes interactive resources for youngsters, their parents/carers and schools. Importantly, each youngster receives their own bespoke ‘exercise prescription‘ form; detailing what level and type of activities are suitable for them. This provides their parents, school and themselves with the confidence to participate and enjoy regular physical activity; greatly improving their long-term health and well-being.

In addition to the Toolkit, we are holding conferences for health professionals and parents, such as our recent January 2016 conference for clinicians on ‘Exercise Prescription in Congenital Heart Disease’. These aim to involve all parties and make sure they have access to the knowledge and information necessary to drive exercise prescription in congenital heart disease forward.

Media link: Yorkshire Evening Post
Research Fellow: Lucy Gowing (CHERC)
Collaborators: Dr Graham Stuart and Dr Guido Pieles (Bristol Royal Institute, Children’s Hospital); Barbara Harpham (Heart Research UK)
Funding body: Heart Research UK

Additional Media Links:

Twitter: Help Little Hearts @CHDToolkit

3. Exercise echocardiography and young people.

The ongoing collaboration between Canon Medical Systems Ltd and several of the leading academic and medical institutions in the country is paving the way for a better understanding of how the heart adapts to exercise in both health and disease.

One hour of exercise per day is the recommended amount of activity time for a child. This is not without reason, exercise has long known to be beneficial for health, yet just 23% of boys and 20% of girls aged 5 to 15 meet these targets. While long term prognosis is ever improving, children with congenital conditions are also often failing to meet these activity guidelines. On the opposite end of the spectrum, child athletes, and especially those in sporting academies may now be undertaking up to 16 hours per week of training, yet with unknown consequences on the heart.

Leading the line, Canon have teamed up with the Children’s Health & Exercise Research Centre/ University of Exeter, the University of Bristol, Bristol Heart Institute, and University College London, to put both elite academy athletes and children with congenital heart conditions through their paces in the quest to better understand the hearts response to exercise.

With Dr Guido Pieles the team cardiologist for Manchester United, and Prof Graham Stuart, a Football Association expert consultant cardiologist, the research team are utilising state of the art equipment to investigate new cardiac techniques using echocardiography and cardiac MRI, to quantitatively assess cardiac function during exercise in the highly trained sporting stars of the future.

Thanks to funding from Canon, the group has expanded to recruit Dr Nathan Riding, who left his role as scientific researcher at the Aspetar sports medicine hospital in Qatar to continue work alongside cardiologist Dr Dan Dorobantu, investigating the paediatric athlete heart across the globe. Fostering strong international partners has been one of the notable achievements within the group. With Canon’s support we have been able to join together some of the world’s leading football clubs and academies to generate one of the world’s largest datasets on the cardiovascular profile of young football players. Some of this work has already been presented at national and international conferences, including the recent International Olympic Committee congress, and research investigating the suitability of current guidelines for this population is currently under review within several leading international journals. Not limiting output to research, in the ongoing effort to protect our young athletes, the mobile cardiac laboratory launched last year continues to be deployed around the country providing cardiovascular screening for athletes partaking in sport. The mobile lab is able to offer an in-depth look into heart health using the latest analysis tools, aiming to identify pre-existing cardiac conditions.

By understanding how the heart works in the highly trained athlete we are able to apply these findings to those with congenital heart disease, with the aim of being able to detect potentially serious adverse outcomes earlier. Congenital heart disease affects approximately 1% of all live births, yet as surgeries are improved, and prognosis better, it means the number of children transitioning into adolescence and adulthood is increasing, and by means of encouraging exercise adherence the aim is to improve quality of life and life expectancy. In the UK there is no formal programme of exercise rehabilitation for children with congenital heart disease, however investigating this is another of the key areas for the group. Led by Prof Craig Williams, director of the Children’s Health and Exercise Research Centre, this growing partnership is striving to improve understanding on the interaction between congenital heart disease and exercise but also develop guidelines and improve exercise prescription for these individuals. In a bid to unravel many of the unknowns’ members of the research team in Dr Lynsey Forsythe, Nurul Amir and Curtis Wadey are investigating the optimal type, intensity and duration of exercise that is tolerated and beneficial for children with congenital heart disease. This world leading team have already published an internationally renowned Cochrane review on the topic, recommendations for the European Society of Cardiology, and developed heart research UK affiliated physical activity tool kits for children, parents, and teachers to guide them in safely partaking in sport.

 

Grants/funding

2021-2023:EU Horizon 2020 for the Science Engagement to Empower Disadvantaged adoleScents (SEEDS) project – a €1.3 M project with 4 collaborative partners from Spain, Greece, Germany and Holland (co-Investigator).

2020-2022 Helping the active stay active when life changes, Sport England, (PI).

2020-22 An Evaluation of a Physical Activity and Exercise Promotion Pathway for Young Patients with Congenital Heart Disease– Heart Research UK charity (Principal Investigator).

2021-2022:Feasibility study of a novel digital intervention promoting physical activity in young people with cystic fibrosis – NIHR Research for Patient Benefit (co-Principal Investigator).

2021-2022: Development of a novel family focused intervention to promote physical activity among young people with cystic fibrosis and their families – NIHR Research for Patient benefit (co-Principal Investigator).

2019 CF Circle of Care/Improving physical activity levels in adolescents with cystic fibrosis, Vertex Pharmaceuticals Inc. (Principal Investigator),

2017 PETFIB, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, (Co-Principal Investigator).

2016 The Cystic Fibrosis Trust - Physical Activity, Exercise, Sport and Recreation Promotion for Adolescents with CF (Principal Investigator).

2014, British Council Researcher Links – collaboration with early career Researchers in the UK and Qatar

2014, Assessment of Ventricular Dysfunction in Congenital Heart Disease using Exercise Echocardiography Tissue Doppler and Strain Analysis – David Telling grant.

2013, RD&E Foundation NHS Trust – An Integrated Approach to Exercise Prescription ad Management in Young Cystic Fibrosis Patients -  A feasibility study.

2012, RD&E Foundation NHS Trust – The influence of disease status and priming exercise on pulmonary oxygen uptake and muscle deoxygenation kinetics during moderate and high-intensity cycling exercise in paediatric patients with cystic fibrosis.

2012, Kellogg’s – Functional magnetic resonance imaging and physical and cognitive performance in high protein and carbohydrate feeding.

2011, Manchester United Soccer Schools – Evaluation of temporal patterns of exercise during soccer coaching.

2010, RD&E Foundation NHS Trust – Exercise testing and Cystic Fibrosis.

2010, Manchester United Soccer Schools – Analysis of physical exercise patterns during soccer schools coaching courses.

2010, MRC– determination of school based factors and their association with the prevalence of overweight and obese children.

2010, ESRC - Encouraging sustainable patterns of physical activity and health in children.

2009, Regional, Educational, Leisure, Arts and Youth Sport (RELAYS).

2008, Kellogg’s Ltd  - Energy Balance: comparison of energy intake of a low versus a high physically active group of children 11 to 13 years old.

2008, Kellogg’s Ltd - Energy intake and expenditure in children and adolescents.

2007, GlaxoSmithKline - Fluid balance and electrolyte concentration in young adolescent footballers.

2006, The Physiological Society - Muscle perfusion in children using magnetic resonance imaging.

2005, RD&E Foundation NHS Trust - The influence of chronic chest disease in children and adolescents, on oxygen uptake kinetics, lung and respiratory function, following exercise.

2005, GlaxoSmithKline - Taste perceptions and involuntary dehydration in children.

2004, Gatorade Sports Science Institute - Gastric emptying of fluids in trained youth cyclists.

2003, The Northcott Devon Medical Foundation - Fat patterning and MRI.

1996, The Nuffield Foundation - Muscle power in adolescents and adults.

1993, The Northcott Devon Medical Foundation - Aerobic and anaerobic training study.

Publications

Books

Williams CA (2022). Foreword.
Williams CA (2022). The Children's Health and Exercise Research Centre (CHERC).
Williams CA, Oades PJ (2021). Exercise and respiratory diseases in paediatrics. Abstract.
Williams CA, Oades PJ (2021). Preface.
Williams C, Armstrong N (2011). Children and Exercise XXVII., Routledge.
Williams CA, Ratel S (eds)(2009). Human Muscle Fatigue. Abingdon, Ovon, London, Routledge.
Williams CA, Ratel S (2009). Preface.
Jurimae T, Armstrong N, Jurimae J (2008). Children and Exercise XXIV. London, Routledge.
Williams CA, James DV, Wilson C (2008). Mathematics and Science for Exercise and Sport. The Basics. , London, Routledge.
Williams CAP, Wragg C (2003). Data Analysis and Research for Sport and Exercise Science., London, Routledge.
Williams CA, James DV (2001). Science for Exercise and Sport., London, Routledge.

Journal articles

Cockcroft EJ, williams C, jackman S, armstrong N, barker A (In Press). Agreement and Reliability of Fasted and Oral Glucose Tolerance Test-Derived Indices of Insulin Sensitivity and Beta Cell Function in Boys. International journal of sports medicince
Williams C (In Press). Barriers and facilitators to physical activity among children, adolescents, and young adults with cystic fibrosis: a systematic review and thematic synthesis of qualitative of research. BMJ Open
Williams CAP, Vlachopoulos D, Ubago-Guisade E, Barker AR, Metcalf B, Fatouros IG, Avoniti A, Knapp K, Gracia-Marco L (In Press). Determinants of bone outcomes in adolescent athletes at baseline: the PRO-BONE study. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise
Gracia Marco L, Vlachopoulos D, Barker AR, Williams CA, Knapp K, Metcalf BS (In Press). Effect of a program of short bouts of exercise on bone health in adolescents involved in different sports: the PRO-BONE study protocol. BMC Public Health Abstract.
Williams C, Oliveira R, Barker A, Kranen S, Debras F (In Press). Effects of high-intensity interval training on the vascular and autonomic components of the baroreflex at rest in adolescents. Pediatric Exercise Science
Denford S, Mackintosh KA, McNarry MA, Barker AR, Williams CA (In Press). Enhancing intrinsic motivation for physical activity among adolescents with cystic fibrosis: a qualitative study of the views of healthcare professionals. BMJ Open
Williams C (In Press). Experts unite to provide guidelines on exercise and physical activity in Cystic Fibrosis. British Journal of Hospital Medicine Abstract.
Chorlton R, Williams C, Denford S, Bond B (In Press). Incorporating movement breaks into primary school classrooms; a mixed methods approach to explore the perceptions of pupils, staff and Governors. BMC Public Health Abstract.
Tomlinson O, Barker A, Fulford J, Wilson P, Oades P, Williams C (In Press). Quantification of thigh muscle volume in children and adolescents using magnetic resonance imaging. European Journal of Sport Science, 20, 1215-1224.
Williams C, Breese B, Saynor Z, Barker A, Armstrong N (In Press). RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN (NON)LINEAR PHASE II PULMONARY OXYGEN UPTAKE KINETICS WITH SKELETAL MUSCLE OXYGENATION AND AGE IN 11 TO 15 Y OLDS. Experimental Physiology
Wilkinson K, Vlachopoulos D, Klentrou P, Ubago-Guisado E, de Moraes AC, Barker AR, Williams CA, Moreno LA, Gracia Marco L (In Press). Soft tissues, areal bone mineral density and hip geometry estimates in active young boys: the PRO-BONE study. European Journal of Applied Physiology
Williams C (In Press). Test-retest reliability of pulmonary oxygen uptake and muscle deoxygenation during moderate- and heavy-intensity cycling in youth elite-cyclists. Journal of Sports Sciences
Bond B, Hind S, Williams CA, Barker AR (In Press). The acute effect of exercise intensity on vascular function in adolescents. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise Abstract.
Tomlinson O, Saynor Z, Stevens D, Urquhart D, Williams CA (In Press). The impact of Covid-19 upon the delivery of exercise services within cystic fibrosis clinics in the United Kingdom. Clinical Respiratory Journal
Williams C, Barker A, Wadey C, Weston M, Dorobantu D (In Press). The role of cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) in predicting mortality and morbidity in people with congenital heart disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. European Journal of Preventive Cardiology
Denford S, Hill DM, Mackintosh KA, McNarry MA, Barker AR, Williams CA (In Press). Using photo-elicitation to explore perceptions of physical activity among young people with cystic fibrosis. BMC Pulmonary Medicine
Radtke T, Urquhart DS, Braun J, Barry PJ, Waller I, Petch N, Mei-Zahav M, Kramer MR, Hua-Huy T, Dinh-Xuan AT, et al (2024). Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing Provides Prognostic Information in Advanced Cystic Fibrosis Lung Disease. Annals of the American Thoracic Society, 21(3), 411-420.
Williams CA (2024). Editor's Notes. Pediatr Exerc Sci, 36(1).  Author URL.
Wadey CA, Leggat FJ, Potter J, Amir NH, Forsythe L, Stuart AG, Barker AR, Williams CA (2024). Parental recommendations and exercise attitudes in congenital hearts. Cardiol Young, 34(3), 667-675. Abstract.  Author URL.
Liu Y, Wadey CA, Barker AR, Williams CA (2024). Process evaluation of school-based high-intensity interval training interventions for children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. BMC Public Health, 24(1). Abstract.
Dorobantu DM, Amir NH, Wadey CA, Sharma C, Stuart AG, Williams CA, Pieles GE (2024). The Role of Speckle-Tracking Echocardiography in Predicting Mortality and Morbidity in Patients with Congenital Heart Disease: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography, 37(2), 216-225.
Gharge S, Vlachopoulos D, Skinner AM, Williams CA, Iniesta RR, Unisa S (2024). The effect of the Mid-Day Meal programme on the longitudinal physical growth from childhood to adolescence in India. PLOS Glob Public Health, 4(1). Abstract.  Author URL.
Liu Y, Williams CA, Weston KL, Duncombe SL, Malik AA, Barker AR (2024). Validation and Calibration for Embedding Rating of Perceived Exertion into High-Intensity Interval Exercise in Adolescents: a Lab-Based Study. Pediatric Exercise Science, 1-7. Abstract.
Bianchim MS, McNarry MA, Barker AR, Williams CA, Denford S, Thia L, Evans R, Mackintosh KA (2023). A Machine Learning Approach for Physical Activity Recognition in Cystic Fibrosis. Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science Abstract.
Tomlinson OW, Duckworth A, Wollerton RL, Scotton CJ, Williams CA, Gibbons MA (2023). Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing Differentiates Disease Progression in Monozygotic Twins with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Journal of Clinical Exercise Physiology, 12(3), 94-97.
Wargers A, Queral J, Mölenberg FJ, Tarro L, Elphick CM, Kalogerakou E, Karagiannis A, Llauradó E, Manios Y, Mavrogianni C, et al (2023). Citizen Science to improve healthy and active living among adolescents in four European countries: a protocol of the cluster randomised controlled trial of the Science Engagement to Empower aDolescentS (SEEDS) project. BMJ Open, 13(5). Abstract.  Author URL.
Williams CA, Riiser A, Mamen A (2023). Editorial: Longitudinal development of aerobic fitness in children. Frontiers in Public Health, 11
Williams C (2023). Editor’s Notes. Pediatric Exercise Science, 35, 1-1.
Kelly AL, Williams CA, Jackson DT, Turnnidge J, Reeves MJ, Dugdale JH, Wilson MR (2023). Exploring the role of socioeconomic status and psychological characteristics on talent development in an English soccer academy. Sci Med Footb Abstract.  Author URL.
Gąsior JS, Zamunér AR, Madeyska M, Tomik A, Niszczota C, Williams CA, Werner B (2023). Heart Rate Variability in Individuals with Down Syndrome: a Scoping Review with Methodological Considerations. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(2), 941-941. Abstract.
Tomlinson OW, Kranen SH, Williams CA (2023). P408 the effect of major life changes on exercise and physical activity in people with cystic fibrosis. Journal of Cystic Fibrosis, 22, S189-S189.
Wadey CA, Leggat FJ, Potter J, Amir NH, Forsythe L, Stuart AG, Barker AR, Williams CA (2023). Parental recommendations and exercise attitudes in congenital hearts. CARDIOLOGY IN THE YOUNG  Author URL.
Riding NR, Dorobantu D-M, Williams CA, Stuart G, Fritsch P, Wilson MG, Mossialos E, Pieles G (2023). Protecting the stars of tomorrow: do international cardiovascular preparticipation screening policies account for the paediatric athlete? a systematic review and quality appraisal. Br J Sports Med, 57(6), 371-380. Abstract.  Author URL.
Dorobantu D, Wadey CA, Ryding D, Mcnally S, Perry D, Friedberg M, Stuart AG, Pieles GE, Williams CA (2023). Relationships between biventricular myocardial function and oxygen uptake during exercise in healthy adolescent male athletes. European Heart Journal - Cardiovascular Imaging, 24(Supplement_1).
Tomlinson OW, Barker AR, Fulford J, Wilson P, Shelley J, Oades PJ, Williams CA (2023). Skeletal muscle contributions to reduced fitness in cystic fibrosis youth. Frontiers in Pediatrics, 11 Abstract.
Tomlinson OW, Saynor ZL, Stevens D, Antoun J, Urquhart DS, Williams CA (2023). Survey of exercise testing and training in cystic fibrosis clinics in the UK: a decade of progress. BMJ Open, 13(4), e072461-e072461. Abstract.
Iniesta RR, Cook S, Oversby G, Koufaki P, Van der Linden ML, Vlachopoulos D, Williams CA, Urquhart DS (2023). Systematic review and meta-analysis: Associations of vitamin D with pulmonary function in children and young people with cystic fibrosis. Clinical Nutrition ESPEN, 54, 349-373.
Gąsior JS, Młyńczak M, Williams CA, Popłonyk A, Kowalska D, Giezek P, Werner B (2023). The discovery of a data-driven causal diagram of sport participation in children and adolescents with heart disease: a pilot study. Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine, 10 Abstract.
Kranen SH, Oliveira RS, Bond B, Williams CA, Barker AR (2023). The effect of 4 weeks of high‐intensity interval training and 2 weeks of detraining on cardiovascular disease risk factors in male adolescents. Experimental Physiology, 108(4), 595-606. Abstract.
Alrashidi M, Wadey CA, Tomlinson RJ, Buckingham G, Williams CA (2023). The efficacy of virtual reality interventions compared with conventional physiotherapy in improving the upper limb motor function of children with cerebral palsy: a systematic review of randomised controlled trials. Disabil Rehabil, 45(11), 1773-1783. Abstract.  Author URL.
Dorobantu DM, Radulescu CR, Riding N, McClean G, de la Garza M-S, Abuli-Lluch M, Duarte N, Adamuz MC, Ryding D, Perry D, et al (2023). The use of 2-D speckle tracking echocardiography in assessing adolescent athletes with left ventricular hypertrabeculation meeting the criteria for left ventricular non-compaction cardiomyopathy. Int J Cardiol, 371, 500-507. Abstract.  Author URL.
Dorobantu DM, Riding N, McClean G, de la Garza M-S, Abuli-Lluch M, Sharma C, Duarte N, Adamuz MC, Watt V, Hamilton RM, et al (2023). The use of 2-D speckle tracking echocardiography in differentiating healthy adolescent athletes with right ventricular outflow tract dilation from patients with arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy. Int J Cardiol, 382, 98-105. Abstract.  Author URL.
Kranen SH, Oliveira RS, Bond B, Williams CA, Barker AR (2023). The utility of the reperfusion rate of tissue oxygen saturation as a measure of vascular endothelial function in adolescents: reliability, validity and sensitivity. Front Physiol, 14 Abstract.  Author URL.
Radtke T, Urquhart DS, Braun J, Barry P, Waller I, Petch N, Mei-Zahav M, Kramer MR, Hua-Huy T, Dinh-Xuan AT, et al (2023). WS01.01 Cardiopulmonary exercise testing provides prognostic information in advanced cystic fibrosis lung disease. Journal of Cystic Fibrosis, 22, S1-S1.
Bianchim MS, McNarry MA, Holland A, Cox NS, Dreger J, Barker AR, Williams CA, Denford S, Mackintosh KA (2022). A Compositional Analysis of Physical Activity, Sedentary Time, and Sleep and Associated Health Outcomes in Children and Adults with Cystic Fibrosis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(9), 5155-5155. Abstract.
Williams C, Kelly A, Cook R, Jimenez Saiz SL, Wilson M (2022). A Multidisciplinary Investigation into the Talent Development Processes at an English Football Academy: a Machine Learning Approach. Sports, 10 Abstract.
Johnson H, Duarte N, Ryding D, Perry D, McNally S, Stuart AG, Williams CA, Pieles G (2022). Assessment of a Novel, 22-lead Mobile Electrocardiogram in Elite, Adolescent Footballers. Int J Sports Med, 43(3), 245-253. Abstract.  Author URL.
Bianchim MS, McNarry MA, Evans R, Thia L, Barker AR, Williams CA, Denford S, Mackintosh KA (2022). Calibration and Cross-validation of Accelerometry in Children and Adolescents with Cystic Fibrosis. Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science, 27(1), 51-59.
Caterini JE, Ratjen F, Barker AR, Williams CA, Rendall K, Schneiderman JE, Wells GD (2022). Exercise intolerance in cystic fibrosis-the role of CFTR modulator therapies. Journal of Cystic Fibrosis, 21(2), 282-292. Abstract.
Tomlinson O, Williams CA (2022). Interpreting (and misclassifying) fitness – what do we really mean by ‘normal’?. The Sport and Exercise Scientist, 73, 20-21.
Sharma C, Dorobantu DM, Ryding D, Perry D, McNally SR, Stuart AG, Williams CA, Pieles GE (2022). Investigating the Accuracy of Quantitative Echocardiographic-Modified Task Force Criteria for Arrhythmogenic Ventricular Cardiomyopathy in Adolescent Male Elite Athletes. Pediatr Cardiol, 43(2), 457-464. Abstract.  Author URL.
Evans DA, Jackson DT, Kelly AL, Williams CA, McAuley ABT, Knapman H, Morgan PT (2022). Monitoring Postmatch Fatigue During a Competitive Season in Elite Youth Soccer Players. J Athl Train, 57(2), 184-190. Abstract.  Author URL.
Caterini JE, Rendall K, Cifra B, Schneiderman JE, Ratjen F, Seed M, Rayner T, Weiss R, McCrindle BW, Noseworthy MD, et al (2022). Non-invasive MR imaging techniques for measuring femoral arterial flow in a pediatric and adolescent cohort. Physiol Rep, 10(10). Abstract.  Author URL.
Tomlinson OW, Wadey CA, Williams CA (2022). Normal reference values for aerobic fitness in cystic fibrosis: a scoping review. BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine, 8(4), e001490-e001490. Abstract.
Tomlinson OW, Kovalenko AG, Denford S, Van Beurden S, Cockcroft E, Williams CA (2022). P053 a novel family-focused intervention to support physical activity among children (6–12 years) with cystic fibrosis. Journal of Cystic Fibrosis, 21, S76-S76.
Kent T, Caunter A, Trott J, Williams CA, Enderby B, Withers NJ, Tomlinson OW (2022). P205 Kaftrio® improves VO2max in patients with cystic fibrosis. Journal of Cystic Fibrosis, 21, S123-S123.
Alkhraiji MH, Barker AR, Williams CA (2022). Reliability and validity of using the global school-based student health survey to assess 24 hour movement behaviours in adolescents from Saudi Arabia. Journal of sports sciences, 40(14), 1578-1586. Abstract.
Wadey CA, Barker AR, Stuart G, Tran DL, Laohachai K, Ayer J, Cordina R, Williams CA (2022). Scaling Peak Oxygen Consumption for Body Size and Composition in People with a Fontan Circulation. Journal of the American Heart Association, 11(24). Abstract.
Bianchim MS, McNarry MA, Barker AR, Williams CA, Denford S, Holland AE, Cox NS, Dreger J, Evans R, Thia L, et al (2022). Sleep, Sedentary Time and Physical Activity Levels in Children with Cystic Fibrosis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(12), 7133-7133. Abstract.
Tomlinson OW, Stoate ALE, Dobson L, Williams CA (2022). The Effect of Dysglycaemia on Changes in Pulmonary and Aerobic Function in Cystic Fibrosis. Frontiers in Physiology, 13 Abstract.
Williams CA, Barker AR, Denford S, van Beurden SB, Bianchim MS, Caterini JE, Cox NS, Mackintosh KA, McNarry MA, Rand S, et al (2022). The Exeter Activity Unlimited statement on physical activity and exercise for cystic fibrosis: methodology and results of an international, multidisciplinary, evidence-driven expert consensus. Chron Respir Dis, 19 Abstract.  Author URL.
Burley MJ, Blackwell J, Bond B, Williams C, Stephens FB (2022). The effect of various breath‐hold techniques on the cardiorespiratory response to facial immersion in humans. Experimental Physiology, 108(1), 50-62. Abstract.
Dorobantu D, Riding N, Mcclean G, De La Garza MS, Luch MA, Adamuz C, Ryding D, Perry D, Mcnally S, Stuart A, et al (2022). The role of segmental speckle tracking echocardiography in characterising right ventricle dilation patterns: a multicentre study on healthy adolescent athletes. European Heart Journal - Cardiovascular Imaging, 23(Supplement_1).
Tomlinson OW, Markham L, Wollerton RL, Knight BA, Duckworth A, Gibbons MA, Scotton CJ, Williams CA (2022). Validity and repeatability of cardiopulmonary exercise testing in interstitial lung disease. BMC Pulmonary Medicine, 22(1). Abstract.
Tomlinson OW, Williams CA (2022). WS14.05 Normal fitness data in cystic fibrosis - a scoping review. Journal of Cystic Fibrosis, 21, S28-S28.
Morgan H, Tomlinson O, Williams C (2022). WS14.06 a retrospective, longitudinal analysis of pulmonary function and peak oxygen uptake in children and adults with cystic fibrosis. Journal of Cystic Fibrosis, 21, S28-S28.
Williams C (2022). Web-based physical activity promotion in young people with CF: a randomised controlled trial. Thorax, 1-8.
Tomlinson OW, Williams CA, Saynor ZL, Stevens D, Urquhart DS (2022). ePS2.10 Exercise testing and training in cystic fibrosis clinics in the United Kingdom: a 10-year update. Journal of Cystic Fibrosis, 21, S48-S49.
Dorobantu D, Radulescu C, Riding N, Mcclean G, Adamuz C, Ryding D, Perry D, Mcnally S, Stuart A, Oxborough D, et al (2021). Can left ventricular speckle tracking imaging be used in left ventricular non-compaction cardiomyopathy screening? a study of healthy paediatric athletes with and without echocardiographic criteria. European Heart Journal - Cardiovascular Imaging, 22(Supplement_1).
Dorobantu D, Riding N, Mcclean G, Adamuz C, Ryding D, Perry D, Mcnally S, Stuart A, Oxborough D, Willson M, et al (2021). Can right ventricular speckle tracking imaging be used in arrhytmogenic cardiomyopathy screening? a study of healthy paediatric athletes with and without echocardiographic modified task force criteria. European Heart Journal - Cardiovascular Imaging, 22(Supplement_1).
Pieles GE, Gowing L, Ryding D, Perry D, McNally SR, Stuart AG, Williams CA (2021). Characterisation of LV myocardial exercise function by 2-D strain deformation imaging in elite adolescent footballers. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 121(1), 239-250. Abstract.
Williams C, Wadey C, Taylor R, Long L, Pieles G, Stuart G (2021). Cochrane corner: Physical activity interventions for people with congenital heart disease. Heart, 107, 447-449.
Amir NH, Dorobantu DM, Wadey CA, Caputo M, Stuart AG, Pieles GE, Williams CA (2021). Exercise training in paediatric congenital heart disease: fit for purpose?. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 107(6), 525-534. Abstract.
Tomlinson O, Duckworth A, Markham L, Wollerton R, Knight B, Spiers A, Gibbons M, Williams C, Scotton C (2021). Feasibility of cardiopulmonary exercise testing in interstitial lung disease: the PETFIB study. BMJ Open Respiratory Research, 8
Mann RH, McKay CD, Clift BC, Williams CA, Barker AR (2021). Injuries and Training Practices in Competitive Adolescent Distance Runners: a Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study. Frontiers in Sports and Active Living, 3 Abstract.
Williams C, Alkhraiji M, Barker A (2021). Movement behaviors, cardiorespiratory fitness, and cardiovascular disease risk factors in children from the gulf cooperation council countries: a narrative review. Saudi Journal of Sports Medicine, 21(1), 7-7.
Tomlinson O, Stoate A, Dobson L, Williams C (2021). P197 Dysglycaemia and changes in aerobic function in cystic fibrosis. Journal of Cystic Fibrosis, 20
Mann RH, Clarsen BM, McKay CD, Clift BC, Williams CA, Barker AR (2021). Prevalence and burden of health problems in competitive adolescent distance runners: a 6-month prospective cohort study. Journal of Sports Sciences, 39(12), 1366-1375.
Dorobantu DM, Wadey CA, Amir NH, Stuart AG, Williams CA, Pieles GE (2021). The Role of Speckle Tracking Echocardiography in the Evaluation of Common Inherited Cardiomyopathies in Children and Adolescents: a Systematic Review. Diagnostics, 11(4), 635-635. Abstract.
Kranen SH, Oliveira RS, Bond B, Williams CA, Barker AR (2021). The acute effect of high‐ and moderate‐intensity interval exercise on vascular function before and after a glucose challenge in adolescents. Experimental Physiology, 106(4), 913-924. Abstract.
Tomlinson OW, Denford S, Barker AR, Schneiderman JE, Campisi ES, Douglas H, Rand S, McNarry MA, Mackintosh KA, Williams CA, et al (2021). The impact of physical activity and exercise interventions for physical health in people with cystic fibrosis: protocol for a systematic review. Systematic Reviews, 10(1). Abstract.
Mann R, Barker A, Williams C, Clift B (2020). 307 the prevalence and burden of health problems in competitive adolescent distance runners: a prospective study in England. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 54(Suppl 1).
Kelly A, Wilson MR, Jackson DT, Goldman DE, Turnnidge J, Côté J, Williams CA (2020). A multidisciplinary investigation into “playing-up” in academy football according to age phase. Journal of Sports Sciences, 39(8), 854-864.
Mandalia V, Williams C, Kosy J, Brown K, Schranz P, Redfern A, Silver D, Powell R (2020). Bone Marrow Oedema in the Knees of Asymptomatic High-Level Athletes: Prevalence and Associated Factors. Indian Journal of Orthopaedics, 54(3), 324-331. Abstract.
Bianchim MS, McNarry MA, Larun L, Barker AR, Williams CA, Mackintosh KA (2020). Calibration and validation of accelerometry using cut-points to assess physical activity in paediatric clinical groups: a systematic review. Preventive Medicine Reports, 19, 101142-101142.
Tomlinson O, Trott J, Williams C, Withers N, Oades P (2020). Challenges in Implementing Routine Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Cystic Fibrosis Clinical Practice: a Single-Centre Review. SN Comprehensive Clinical Medicine, 2, 327-331.
Gąsior JS, Zamunér AR, Silva LEV, Williams CA, Baranowski R, Sacha J, Machura P, Kochman W, Werner B (2020). Heart Rate Variability in Children and Adolescents with Cerebral Palsy-A Systematic Literature Review. J Clin Med, 9(4). Abstract.  Author URL.
Malik AA, Williams CA, Weston KL, Barker AR (2020). Influence of personality and self-efficacy on perceptual responses during high-intensity interval exercise in adolescents. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 33(6), 590-608.
Kelly AL, Williams CA (2020). Physical Characteristics and the Talent Identification and Development Processes in Male Youth Soccer: a Narrative Review. Strength & Conditioning Journal, 42(6), 15-34. Abstract.
Williams C, Denford S, Tomlinson O, Barker A, McNarry M, Mackintosh K, Cox N, Holland A, O'Halloran P (2020). Physical activity for cystic fibrosis: perceptions of people with cystic fibrosis, parents and healthcare professionals. ERJ Open Research, 6
Williams CA, Wadey C, Pieles G, Stuart G, Taylor RS, Long L (2020). Physical activity interventions for people with congenital heart disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 10(10). Abstract.  Author URL.
Musa DI, Toriola AL, Monyeki MA, Williams CA (2020). Relation of fitness and fatness with heart rate recovery after maximal exercise in Nigerian adolescents. Gazzetta Medica Italiana Archivio per le Scienze Mediche, 179(4).
Kelly AL, Wilson MR, Jackson DT, Turnnidge J, Williams CA (2020). Speed of Thought and Speed of Feet: Examining Perceptual-Cognitive Expertise and Physical Performance in an English Football Academy. Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise, 3(1), 88-97. Abstract.
Kelly A, Wilson MR, Jackson DT, Williams CA (2020). Technical testing and match analysis statistics as part of the talent development process in an English football academy. International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport, 20(6), 1035-1051.
Gąsior J, Pawłowski M, Jeleń P, Rameckers E, Williams C, Makuch R, Werner B (2020). Test–Retest Reliability of Handgrip Strength Measurement in Children and Preadolescents. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(21), 8026-8026. Abstract.
Wadey CA, Weston ME, Dorobantu DM, Taylor RS, Pieles GE, Barker AR, Williams CA (2020). The role of cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) in predicting mortality and morbidity in people with congenital heart disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis (Protocol). Journal of Congenital Cardiology, 4(1). Abstract.
Mann RH, McKay CD, Clift BC, Williams CA, Barker AR (2020). Training Practices and Injuries in Competitive Adolescent Distance Runners: a Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study. Abstract.
Kelly AL, Wilson MR, Gough LA, Knapman H, Morgan P, Cole M, Jackson DT, Williams CA (2019). A longitudinal investigation into the relative age effect in an English professional football club: exploring the ‘underdog hypothesis’. Science and Medicine in Football, 4(2), 111-118.
Cox NS, Eldridge B, Rawlings S, Dreger J, Corda J, Hauser J, Button BM, Bishop J, Nichols A, Middleton A, et al (2019). A web-based intervention to promote physical activity in adolescents and young adults with cystic fibrosis: protocol for a randomized controlled trial. BMC Pulm Med, 19(1). Abstract.  Author URL.
Tomlinson O, Barker A, Williams C (2019). Cardiopulmonary exercise testing in young people with cystic fibrosis. The Sport and Exercise Scientist, 61, 22-22.
Williams CA, Wedgwood KCA, Mohammadi H, Prouse K, Tomlinson OW, Tsaneva-Atanasova K (2019). Cardiopulmonary responses to maximal aerobic exercise in patients with cystic fibrosis. PLoS ONE, 14 Abstract.
Oliveira RS, Barker AR, Debras F, Kranen SH, Williams CA (2019). Effects of exercise intensity on vascular and autonomic components of the baroreflex following glucose ingestion in adolescents. Eur J Appl Physiol, 119(4), 867-878. Abstract.  Author URL.
Williams CAP, Malik A, Barker A, Weston K (2019). Perceptual and Cardiorespiratory Responses to High-Intensity Interval Exercise in Adolescents: Does Work Intensity Matter?. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine
Williams CA, Wadey C, Pieles G, Stuart G, Taylor RS, Long L (2019). Physical activity interventions for people with congenital heart disease. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2019(8). Abstract.
Williams CA, Wadey C, Pieles G, Stuart G, Taylor RS, Long L (2019). Physical activity interventions for people with congenital heart disease. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
Williams CA, Barker AR, Tomlinson OW (2019). Prediction of peak oxygen uptake using the modified shuttle test - Methodological concerns and implications for clinical practice. Pediatr Pulmonol, 54(8), 1104-1105.  Author URL.
Denford S, Mackintosh KA, McNarry MA, Barker AR, Williams CA (2019). Promotion of physical activity for adolescents with cystic fibrosis: a qualitative study of UK multi-disciplinary cystic fibrosis teams. Physiotherapy
Kranen SH, Bond B, Williams CA, Barker AR (2019). Reliability of low-flow vasoreactivity in the brachial artery of adolescents. Journal of Clinical Ultrasound, 47(3), 133-138. Abstract.
Mann RH, Williams CA, Clift BC, Barker AR (2019). The Validation of Session Rating of Perceived Exertion for Quantifying Internal Training Load in Adolescent Distance Runners. Int J Sports Physiol Perform, 14(3), 354-359. Abstract.  Author URL.
Cockcroft EJ, Bond B, Williams CA, Harris S, Jackman SR, Armstrong N, Barker AR (2019). The effects of two weeks high-intensity interval training on fasting glucose, glucose tolerance and insulin resistance in adolescent boys: a pilot study. BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation, 11(1). Abstract.
Sansum KM, Weston ME, Bond B, Cockcroft EJ, O'Connor A, Tomlinson OW, Williams CA, Barker AR (2019). Validity of the Supramaximal Test to Verify Maximal Oxygen Uptake in Children and Adolescents. Pediatr Exerc Sci, 31(2), 213-222. Abstract.  Author URL.
Vahia D, Kelly A, Knapman H, Williams CA (2019). Variation in the Correlation Between Heart Rate and Session Rating of Perceived Exertion-Based Estimations of Internal Training Load in Youth Soccer Players. Pediatr Exerc Sci, 31(1), 91-98. Abstract.  Author URL.
Vlachopoulos D, Barker AR, Ubago-Guisado E, Williams CA, Gracia-Marco L (2018). A 9-Month Jumping Intervention to Improve Bone Geometry in Adolescent Male Athletes. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 50(12), 2544-2554. Abstract.  Author URL.
Vlachopoulos D, Barker AR, Ubago-Guisado E, Williams CA, Gracia-Marco L (2018). A 9-month Jumping Intervention to Improve Bone Acquisition in Adolescent Male Athletes. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 50(5S).
Cockcroft EJ, Williams CA, Jackman SR, Bassi S, Armstrong N, Barker AR (2018). A single bout of high-intensity interval exercise and work-matched moderate-intensity exercise has minimal effect on glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in 7- to 10-year-old boys. Journal of Sports Sciences, 36(2), 149-155. Abstract.
Varley-Campbell JL, Fulford J, Moore MS, Williams CA (2018). Adolescent brain activation: dependence on sex, dietary satiation, and restraint. Nutr Neurosci, 21(6), 439-446. Abstract.  Author URL.
Tomlinson OW, Barker AR, Chubbock LV, Stevens D, Saynor ZL, Oades PJ, Williams CA (2018). Analysis of oxygen uptake efficiency parameters in young people with cystic fibrosis. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 118(10), 2055-2063.
Gąsior JS, Pawłowski M, Williams CA, Dąbrowski MJ, Rameckers EA (2018). Assessment of Maximal Isometric Hand Grip Strength in School-aged Children. Open Med (Wars), 13, 22-28. Abstract.  Author URL.
Oliveira RS, Barker AR, Williams CA (2018). Cardiac Autonomic Function, Cardiovascular Risk and Physical Activity in Adolescents. Int J Sports Med, 39(2), 89-96. Abstract.  Author URL.
Williams CA (2018). Elite Youth Sports-The Year That Was 2017. Pediatr Exerc Sci, 30(1), 25-27. Abstract.  Author URL.
Brito J, Williams CA, Randers MB (2018). Executive summary: Recreational football training as medicine. Scand J Med Sci Sports, 28 Suppl 1, 74-76.  Author URL.
Patikas DA, Williams CA, Ratel S (2018). Exercise-induced fatigue in young people: advances and future perspectives. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 118(5), 899-910. Abstract.
Oliveira R, Barker AR, Debras F, O'Doherty A, Williams CA (2018). Mechanisms of blood pressure control following acute exercise in adolescents: Effects of exercise intensity on haemodynamics and baroreflex sensitivity. Exp Physiol, 103(8), 1056-1066. Abstract.  Author URL.
Malik AA, Williams CA, Weston KL, Barker AR (2018). Perceptual Responses to High- and Moderate-Intensity Interval Exercise in Adolescents. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 50(5), 1021-1030. Abstract.  Author URL.
Malik AA, Williams CA, Weston KL, Barker AR (2018). Perceptual and prefrontal cortex haemodynamic responses to high-intensity interval exercise with decreasing and increasing work-intensity in adolescents. Int J Psychophysiol, 133, 140-148. Abstract.  Author URL.
Tomlinson OW, Shelley J, Denford S, Barker AR, Oades PJ, Williams CA (2018). Promotion of exercise in the management of cystic fibrosis - summary of national meetings. European Journal for Person Centered Healthcare, 6(2), 196-196. Abstract.
Oliveira RS, Barker AR, Debras F, O'Doherty A, Williams CA (2018). Reliability of autonomic and vascular components of baroreflex sensitivity in adolescents. Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging, 38(6), 986-993. Abstract.
Krustrup P, Williams CA, Mohr M, Hansen PR, Helge EW, Elbe A-M, de Sousa M, Dvorak J, Junge A, Hammami A, et al (2018). The "Football is Medicine" platform-scientific evidence, large-scale implementation of evidence-based concepts and future perspectives. Scand J Med Sci Sports, 28 Suppl 1, 3-7.  Author URL.
Chatzinikolaou A, Michaloglou K, Avloniti A, Leontsini D, Deli CK, Vlachopoulos D, Gracia Marco L, Arsenis S, Athanailidis I, Draganidis D, et al (2018). The Trainability of Adolescent Soccer Players to Brief Periodized Complex Training. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 13, 645-655.
Vlachopoulos D, Barker AR, Ubago-Guisado E, Ortega FB, Krustrup P, Metcalf B, Castro Pinero J, Ruiz JR, Knapp KM, Williams CA, et al (2018). The effect of 12-month participation in osteogenic and non-osteogenic sports on bone development in adolescent male athletes. The PRO-BONE study. J Sci Med Sport, 21(4), 404-409. Abstract.  Author URL.
Vlachopoulos D, Barker AR, Ubago-Guisado E, Williams CA, Gracia-Marco L (2018). The effect of a high-impact jumping intervention on bone mass, bone stiffness and fitness parameters in adolescent athletes. Arch Osteoporos, 13(1). Abstract.  Author URL.
Williams CA, Tomlinson OW, Chubbock LV, Stevens D, Saynor ZL, Oades PJ, Barker AR (2018). The oxygen uptake efficiency slope is not a valid surrogate of aerobic fitness in cystic fibrosis. Pediatr Pulmonol, 53(1), 36-42. Abstract.  Author URL.
Williams CA, Gowing L, Horn R, Stuart AG (2017). A survey of exercise advice and recommendations in United Kingdom paediatric cardiac clinics. Cardiology in the Young, 27(5), 951-956. Abstract.
Williams CA, Gowing L, Horn R, Graham Stuart A (2017). A survey of exercise advice and recommendations in United Kingdom paediatric cardiac clinics - CORRIGENDUM. Cardiol Young, 27(5).  Author URL.
Cockcroft EJ, Williams CA, Weaver H, O'Connor A, Jackman SR, Armstrong N, Barker AR (2017). Acute Exercise and Insulin Sensitivity in Boys: a Time-Course Study. Int J Sports Med, 38(13), 967-974. Abstract.  Author URL.
Malik AA, Williams CA, Bond B, Weston KL, Barker AR (2017). Acute cardiorespiratory, perceptual and enjoyment responses to high‐intensity interval exercise in adolescents. European Journal of Sport Science, 17(10), 1335-1342. Abstract.
Dormehl SJ, Robertson SJ, Barker AR, Williams CA (2017). Confirming the Value of Swimming-Performance Models for Adolescents. Int J Sports Physiol Perform, 12(9), 1177-1185. Abstract.  Author URL.
Williams CA (2017). Elite Youth Sports-From Best Pediatric Science Practice to Sports Practice-2016. Pediatr Exerc Sci, 29(1), 19-22. Abstract.  Author URL.
Pieles GE, Husk V, Blackwell T, Wilson D, Collin SM, Williams CA, Stuart AG (2017). High g-Force Rollercoaster Rides Induce Sinus Tachycardia but No Cardiac Arrhythmias in Healthy Children. Pediatr Cardiol, 38(1), 15-19. Abstract.  Author URL.
Cockcroft EJ, Moudiotis C, Kitchen J, Bond B, Williams CA, Barker AR (2017). High-intensity interval exercise and glycemic control in adolescents with type one diabetes mellitus: a case study. Physiol Rep, 5(13). Abstract.  Author URL.
Oliveira RS, Barker AR, Wilkinson KM, Abbott RA, Williams CA (2017). Is cardiac autonomic function associated with cardiorespiratory fitness and physical activity in children and adolescents? a systematic review of cross-sectional studies. Int J Cardiol, 236, 113-122. Abstract.  Author URL.
Vlachopoulos D, Barker AR, Ubago-Guisado E, Fatouros IG, Knapp KM, Williams CA, Gracia-Marco L (2017). Longitudinal Adaptations of Bone Mass, Geometry, and Metabolism in Adolescent Male Athletes: the PRO-BONE Study. J Bone Miner Res, 32(11), 2269-2277. Abstract.  Author URL.
Williams CA, Saynor ZL, Barker AR, Oades PJ, Tomlinson OW (2017). Measurement of V̇o2max in clinical groups is feasible and necessary. J Appl Physiol (1985), 123(4).  Author URL.
Bond B, Weston KL, Williams CA, Barker AR (2017). Perspectives on high-intensity interval exercise for health promotion in children and adolescents. Open Access J Sports Med, 8, 243-265. Abstract.  Author URL.
Gelbart M, Ziv-Baran T, Williams CA, Yarom Y, Dubnov-Raz G (2017). Prediction of Maximal Heart Rate in Children and Adolescents. Clin J Sport Med, 27(2), 139-144. Abstract.  Author URL.
Williams CA, Winsley RJ, Pinho G, de Ste Croix M, Lloyd RS, Oliver JL (2017). Prevalence of non-functional overreaching in elite male and female youth academy football players. Science and Medicine in Football, 1(3), 222-228.
Tomlinson OW, Barker AR, Oades PJ, Williams CA (2017). Scaling the oxygen uptake efficiency slope for body size in cystic fibrosis. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 49(10), 1980-1986. Abstract.
Varley-Campbell JL, Moore MS, Williams CA (2017). The effects of a mid-morning snack and moderate-intensity exercise on acute appetite and energy intake in 12-14-year-old adolescents. Br J Nutr, 117(4), 602-610. Abstract.  Author URL.
Williams CAP, Vlachopoulos D, Barker AR, Arngrimsson SA, Knapp KM, Metcalf B, Moreno LA, Gracia-Marco L (2017). The impact of sport participation on bone mass and geometry in adolescent males. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise
Bond B, Williams CA, Barker AR (2017). The reliability of a single protocol to determine endothelial, microvascular and autonomic functions in adolescents. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging, 37(6), 703-709. Abstract.  Author URL.
Armstrong N (2016). Aerobic Fitness and Training in Children and Adolescents. Pediatr Exerc Sci, 28(1), 7-10.  Author URL.
Williams CA (2016). Elite Youth Sports. Pediatr Exerc Sci, 28(1), 16-18.  Author URL.
Tomlinson OW, Barker AR, Oades PJ, Williams CA (2016). Exercise capacity following a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy in a young female with cystic fibrosis: a case report. Physiological Reports, 4(16). Abstract.
Dormehl SJ, Robertson SJ, Williams CA (2016). How Confident can We be in Modelling Female Swimming Performance in Adolescence?. Sports (Basel), 4(1). Abstract.  Author URL.
Saynor ZL, Barker AR, Oades PJ, Williams CA (2016). Impaired Pulmonary V˙O2 Kinetics in Cystic Fibrosis Depend on Exercise Intensity. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 48(11), 2090-2099. Abstract.  Author URL.
Dormehl SJ, Robertson SJ, Williams CA (2016). Modelling the Progression of Male Swimmers' Performances through Adolescence. Sports (Basel), 4(1). Abstract.  Author URL.
Williams CA (2016). Physical activity and health of adults with cystic fibrosis. Respirology, 21(3), 404-405.  Author URL.
Dormehl SJ, Williams CA (2016). Stability of within-sport specialisation in competitive adolescent sub-elite swimmers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS IN SPORT, 16(1), 12-28.  Author URL.
Bangsbo J, Krustrup P, Duda J, Hillman C, Andersen LB, Weiss M, Williams CA, Lintunen T, Green K, Hansen PR, et al (2016). The Copenhagen Consensus Conference 2016: children, youth, and physical activity in schools and during leisure time. Br J Sports Med, 50(19), 1177-1178. Abstract.  Author URL.
Williams CA (2016). Trainability of Young Athletes: Short-Term Goals or Long-Term Mission?. Pediatr Exerc Sci, 28(4), 485-487.  Author URL.
Saynor ZL, Barker AR, Oades PJ, Tomlinson OW, Williams CA (2016). Validity and Reliability Concerns Associated with Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing Young People with Cystic Fibrosis. Respiration, 92(1), 61-62.
Bond B, Williams CA, Jackman SR, Woodward A, Armstrong N, Barker AR (2015). Accumulating exercise and postprandial health in adolescents. Metabolism: clinical and experimental Abstract.
McNarry MA, Farr C, Middlebrooke A, Welford D, Breese B, Armstrong N, Barker AR (2015). Aerobic Function and Muscle Deoxygenation Dynamics during Ramp Exercise in Children. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 47(9), 1877-1884. Abstract.  Author URL.
Armstrong N (2015). Aerobic fitness and training in children. Pediatr Exerc Sci, 27(1), 8-12.  Author URL.
Stevens D, Oades PJ, Williams CA (2015). Airflow limitation following cardiopulmonary exercise testing and heavy-intensity intermittent exercise in children with cystic fibrosis. European Journal of Pediatrics, 174(2), 251-257. Abstract.
Nimmerichter A, Williams CA (2015). Comparison of power output during ergometer and track cycling in adolescent cyclists. J Strength Cond Res, 29(4), 1049-1056. Abstract.  Author URL.
Westendorf ML, Williams CA (2015). Effects of Excess Dietary Phosphorus on Fecal Phosphorus Excretion and Water Extractable Phosphorus in Horses. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science, 35(6), 495-498. Abstract.
Williams CA (2015). Elite youth sports. Pediatr Exerc Sci, 27(1), 18-20.  Author URL.
Rosenblum O, Katz U, Reuveny R, Williams CA, Dubnov-Raz G (2015). Exercise Performance in Children and Young Adults After Complete and Incomplete Repair of Congenital Heart Disease. Pediatric Cardiology, 36(8), 1573-1581. Abstract.
Rosenblum O, Katz U, Reuveny R, Williams CA, Dubnov-Raz G (2015). Exercise Performance in Children and Young Adults After Complete and Incomplete Repair of Congenital Heart Disease. Pediatric Cardiology Abstract.
Bond B, Williams CA, Isic C, Jackman SR, Tolfrey K, Barrett LA, Barker AR (2015). Exercise intensity and postprandial health outcomes in adolescents. Eur J Appl Physiol, 115(5), 927-936. Abstract.  Author URL.
Bond B, Gates PE, Jackman SR, Corless LM, Williams CA, Barker AR (2015). Exercise intensity and the protection from postprandial vascular dysfunction in adolescents. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, 308(11), H1443-H1450. Abstract.  Author URL.
Williams AJ, Wyatt KM, Williams CA, Logan S, Henley WE (2015). Exploring the Potential of a School Impact on Pupil Weight Status: Exploratory Factor Analysis and Repeat Cross-Sectional Study of the National Child Measurement Programme. PLoS One, 10(12). Abstract.  Author URL.
Cockcroft EJ, Williams CA, Tomlinson OW, Vlachopoulos D, Jackman SR, Armstrong N, Barker AR (2015). High intensity interval exercise is an effective alternative to moderate intensity exercise for improving glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in adolescent boys. J Sci Med Sport, 18(6), 720-724. Abstract.  Author URL.
Lloyd RS, Oliver JL, Faigenbaum AD, Howard R, De Ste Croix MBA, Williams CA, Best TM, Alvar BA, Micheli LJ, Thomas DP, et al (2015). Long-term athletic development, part 2: barriers to success and potential solutions. J Strength Cond Res, 29(5), 1451-1464. Abstract.  Author URL.
Lloyd RS, Oliver JL, Faigenbaum AD, Howard R, De Ste Croix MBA, Williams CA, Best TM, Alvar BA, Micheli LJ, Thomas DP, et al (2015). Long-term athletic development- part 1: a pathway for all youth. J Strength Cond Res, 29(5), 1439-1450. Abstract.  Author URL.
Armstrong N, Barker AR, McManus AM (2015). Muscle metabolism changes with age and maturation: How do they relate to youth sport performance?. Br J Sports Med, 49(13), 860-864. Abstract.  Author URL.
Varley-Campbell JL, Moore MS, Ewen RE, Williams CA (2015). Perceived energy compensation following various sports: an age and sex comparison. Preliminary observations. Eur J Clin Nutr, 69(12), 1344-1345. Abstract.  Author URL.
Nimmerichter A, Steindl M, Williams C (2015). Reliability of the Single-Visit Field Test of Critical Speed in Trained and Untrained Adolescents. Sports, 3(4), 358-368.
Fulford J, Varley-Campbell JL, Williams CA (2015). The effect of breakfast versus no breakfast on brain activity in adolescents when performing cognitive tasks, as assessed by fMRI. Nutritional Neuroscience, 19(3), 110-115.
Pieles GE, Gowing L, Forsey J, Ramanujam P, Miller F, Stuart AG, Williams CA (2015). The relationship between biventricular myocardial performance and metabolic parameters during incremental exercise and recovery in healthy adolescents. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, 309(12), H2067-H2076. Abstract.  Author URL.
Bond B, Cockcroft EJ, Williams CA, Harris S, Gates PE, Jackman SR, Armstrong N, Barker AR (2015). Two weeks of high-intensity interval training improves novel but not traditional cardiovascular disease risk factors in adolescents. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, 309(6), H1039-H1047. Abstract.  Author URL.
Williams AJ, Wyatt KM, Williams CA, Logan S, Henley WE (2014). A repeated cross-sectional study examining the school impact on child weight status. Prev Med, 64(100), 103-107. Abstract.  Author URL.
Pieles GE, Szantho G, Rodrigues JCL, Lawton CB, Stuart AG, Bucciarelli-Ducci C, Turner MS, Williams CA, Tulloh RMR, Hamilton MCK, et al (2014). Adaptations of aortic and pulmonary artery flow parameters measured by phase-contrast magnetic resonance angiography during supine aerobic exercise. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 1-11.
Pieles GE, Szantho G, Rodrigues JCL, Lawton CB, Stuart AG, Bucciarelli-Ducci C, Turner MS, Williams CA, Tulloh RMR, Hamilton MCK, et al (2014). Adaptations of aortic and pulmonary artery flow parameters measured by phase-contrast magnetic resonance angiography during supine aerobic exercise. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY, 114(5), 1013-1023.  Author URL.
Stevens D, Oades PJ, Williams CA (2014). Airflow limitation following cardiopulmonary exercise testing and heavy-intensity intermittent exercise in children with cystic fibrosis. European Journal of Pediatrics Abstract.
Oliver JL, De Ste Croix MBA, Lloyd RS, Williams CA (2014). Altered neuromuscular control of leg stiffness following soccer-specific exercise. European Journal of Applied Physiology
Oliver JL, De Ste Croix MBA, Lloyd RS, Williams CA (2014). Altered neuromuscular control of leg stiffness following soccer-specific exercise. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 114(11), 2241-2249. Abstract.
Williams CA, Saynor ZL, Tomlinson OW, Barker AR (2014). Cystic fibrosis and physiological responses to exercise. Expert Rev Respir Med, 8(6), 751-762. Abstract.  Author URL.
Wu M-Y, Bowtell JL, Williams CA (2014). Glycaemic index of meals affects appetite sensation but not energy balance in active males. Eur J Nutr, 53(1), 309-319. Abstract.  Author URL.
Bendiksen M, Williams CA, Hornstrup T, Clausen H, Kloppenborg J, Shumikhin D, Brito J, Horton J, Barene S, Jackman SR, et al (2014). Heart rate response and fitness effects of various types of physical education for 8- to 9-year-old schoolchildren. European Journal of Sport Science, 14(8), 861-869. Abstract.
Bendiksen M, Williams CA, Hornstrup T, Clausen H, Kloppenborg J, Shumikhin D, Brito J, Horton J, Barene S, Jackman SR, et al (2014). Heart rate response and fitness effects of various types of physical education for 8- to 9-year-old schoolchildren. European Journal of Sport Science
Saynor ZL, Barker AR, Oades PJ, Williams CA (2014). Impaired aerobic function in patients with cystic fibrosis during ramp exercise. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 46(12), 2271-2278. Abstract.  Author URL.
Breese BC, Barker AR, Armstrong N, Fulford J, Williams CA (2014). Influence of thigh activation on the VO₂ slow component in boys and men. Eur J Appl Physiol, 114(11), 2309-2319. Abstract.  Author URL.
Breese BC, Barker AR, Armstrong N, Fulford J, Williams CA (2014). Influence of thigh activation on the [Formula Presented] O<inf>2</inf> slow component in boys and men. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 114(11), 2309-2319. Abstract.
Breese BC, Barker AR, Armstrong N, Fulford J, Williams CA (2014). Influence of thigh muscle activation on pulmonary O2 uptake kinetics during very heavy intensity exercise in boys and men. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 114, 2309-2319. Abstract.
Willcocks RJ, Fulford J, Armstrong N, Barker AR, Williams CA (2014). Muscle metabolism during fatiguing isometric quadriceps exercise in adolescents and adults. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab, 39(4), 439-445. Abstract.  Author URL.
Pieles GE, Horn R, Williams CA, Stuart AG (2014). Paediatric exercise training in prevention and treatment. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 99(4), 380-385. Abstract.
Saynor ZL, Barker AR, Oades PJ, Williams CA (2014). The effect of ivacaftor in adolescents with cystic fibrosis (G551D mutation): an exercise physiology perspective. Pediatr Phys Ther, 26(4), 454-461. Abstract.  Author URL.
Barker AR, Trebilcock E, Breese B, Jones AM, Armstrong N (2014). The effect of priming exercise on O2 uptake kinetics, muscle O2 delivery and utilization, muscle activity, and exercise tolerance in boys. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab, 39(3), 308-317. Abstract.  Author URL.
Barker AR, Day J, Smith A, Bond B, Williams CA (2014). The influence of 2 weeks of low-volume high-intensity interval training on health outcomes in adolescent boys. J Sports Sci, 32(8), 757-765. Abstract.  Author URL.
Willcocks RJ, Fulford J, Barker AR, Armstrong N, Williams CA (2014). Two protocols to measure mitochondrial capacity in women and adolescent girls: a 31P-MRS preliminary study. Pediatr Exerc Sci, 26(2), 210-217. Abstract.  Author URL.
Pieles GE, Szantho G, Rodrigues JCL, Lawton CB, Williams CA, Stuart AG, Tulloh RMR, Hamilton MCK (2014). Use of phase-contrast magnetic resonance angiography to measure adaptations of aortic and pulmonary artery flow during supine aerobic exercise. LANCET, 383, 80-80.  Author URL.
Lambrick DM, Westrupp N, Williams CA, Faulkner JA (2013). A comparison of exercise economy between obese and non-obese 8 to 10-year old children. Obesity Research & Clinical Practice, 7, e22-e23.
Saynor ZL, Barker AR, Oades PJ, Williams CA (2013). A protocol to determine valid V˙O2max in young cystic fibrosis patients. J Sci Med Sport, 16(6), 539-544. Abstract.  Author URL.
Saynor ZL, Barker AR, Oades PJ, Williams CA (2013). A protocol to determine valid V̇O2max in young cystic fibrosis patients. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 16(6), 539-544. Abstract.
Varley J, Moore M, Williams CA (2013). Acute energy intake and appetite responses following high-intensity interval exercise in 12-13 year old boys and girls. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NUTRITION SOCIETY, 72(OCE3), E151-E151.  Author URL.
Armstrong N (2013). Aerobic fitness and physical activity in children. Pediatr Exerc Sci, 25(4), 548-560. Abstract.  Author URL.
Westendorf ML, Puduri V, Williams CA, Joshua T, Govindasamy R (2013). Dietary and manure management practices on equine farms in two new jersey watersheds. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science, 33(8), 601-606. Abstract.
Patikas D, Kansizoglou A, Koutlianos N, Williams CA, Hatzikotoulas K, Bassa E, Kotzamanidis C (2013). Fatigue and recovery in children and adults during sustained contractions at 2 different submaximal intensities. Applied Physiology, Nutrition and Metabolism, 38(9), 953-959. Abstract.
Pieles GE, Horn R, Williams CA, Stuart AG (2013). Paediatric exercise training in prevention and treatment. Archives of Disease in Childhood
Williams CA, Stevens D (2013). Physical activity and exercise training in young people with cystic fibrosis: Current recommendations and evidence. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE, 2(1), 39-46.  Author URL.
Birrer D, Lienhard D, Williams CA, Röthlin P, Morgan G (2013). Prevalence of non-functional overreaching and the overtraining syndrome in Swiss elite athletes. Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Sportmedizin und Sporttraumatologie, 61(4), 23-29. Abstract.
Bott RC, Greene EA, Koch K, Martinson KL, Siciliano PD, Williams C, Trottier NL, Burk A, Swinker A (2013). Production and environmental implications of equine grazing. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science, 33(12), 1031-1043. Abstract.
Saynor ZL, Barker AR, Oades PJ, Williams CA (2013). Reproducibility of maximal cardiopulmonary exercise testing for young cystic fibrosis patients. Journal of Cystic Fibrosis, 12(6), 644-650. Abstract.
Saynor ZL, Barker AR, Oades PJ, Williams CA (2013). Reproducibility of maximal cardiopulmonary exercise testing for young cystic fibrosis patients. J Cyst Fibros, 12(6), 644-650. Abstract.  Author URL.
Malina RM, Baxter-Jones ADG, Armstrong N, Beunen GP, Caine D, Daly RM, Lewis RD, Rogol AD, Russell K (2013). Role of intensive training in the growth and maturation of artistic gymnasts. Sports Medicine, 43(9), 783-802. Abstract.
Gracia-Marco L, Ortega FB, Ruiz JR, Williams CA, Hagströmer M, Manios Y, Kafatos A, Béghin L, Polito A, De Henauw S, et al (2013). Seasonal variation in physical activity and sedentary time in different European regions. The HELENA study. Journal of Sports Sciences, 31(16), 1831-1840. Abstract.
Gracia-Marco L, Ortega FB, Ruiz JR, Williams CA, Hagströmer M, Manios Y, Kafatos A, Béghin L, Polito A, De Henauw S, et al (2013). Seasonal variation in physical activity and sedentary time in different European regions. The HELENA study. J Sports Sci, 31(16), 1831-1840. Abstract.  Author URL.
Williams AJ, Henley WE, Williams CA, Hurst AJ, Logan S, Wyatt KM (2013). Systematic review and meta-analysis of the association between childhood overweight and obesity and primary school diet and physical activity policies. International Journal of Behavioural Nutrition and Physical Activity, 10
McGawley K, Leclair E, Dekerle J, Carter H, Williams CA (2012). A Test to Assess Aerobic and Anaerobic Parameters During Maximal Exercise in Young Girls. PEDIATRIC EXERCISE SCIENCE, 24(2), 262-274.  Author URL.
Williams AJ, Wyatt KM, Hurst AJ, Williams CA (2012). A systematic review of associations between the primary school built environment and childhood overweight and obesity. HEALTH & PLACE, 18(3), 504-514.  Author URL.
Lloyd RS, Oliver JL, Hughes MG, Williams CA (2012). Age-related differences in the neural regulation of stretch-shortening cycle activities in male youths during maximal and sub-maximal hopping. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology, 22(1), 37-43. Abstract.
Williams CA, Burk AO (2012). Antioxidant status in elite three-day event horses during competition. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity Abstract.
Lamprecht ED, Williams CA (2012). Biomarkers of antioxidant status, inflammation, and cartilage metabolism are affected by acute intense exercise but not superoxide dismutase supplementation in horses. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity Abstract.
Musa DI, Williams CA (2012). Cardiorespiratory fitness, fatness, and blood pressure associations in Nigerian youth. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 44(10), 1978-1985. Abstract.  Author URL.
Barker AR, Bond B, Toman C, Williams CA, Armstrong N (2012). Critical power in adolescents: physiological bases and assessment using all-out exercise. Eur J Appl Physiol, 112(4), 1359-1370. Abstract.  Author URL.
Komar S, Miskewitz R, Westendorf M, Williams CA (2012). Effects of bedding type on compost quality of equine stall waste: Implications for small horse farms. Journal of Animal Science, 90(3), 1069-1075. Abstract.
Nimmerichter A, Eston R, Bachl N, Williams C (2012). Effects of low and high cadence interval training on power output in flat and uphill cycling time-trials. Eur J Appl Physiol, 112(1), 69-78. Abstract.  Author URL.
Westendorf ML, Williams C, Burk AO, Trottier N, Martinson K, Siciliano PD, Swinker AM, Greene EA, Bott R (2012). Environmental Impacts of Equine Operations: a U.S. Department of Agriculture Multistate Project. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science, 32(6), 324-326. Abstract.
Williams CA, Bailey SD, Mauger AR (2012). External exercise information provides no immediate additional performance benefit to untrained individuals in time trial cycling. Br J Sports Med, 46(1), 49-53. Abstract.  Author URL.
Williams CA, Blackwell J (2012). Hydration status, fluid intake, and electrolyte losses in youth soccer players. Int J Sports Physiol Perform, 7(4), 367-374. Abstract.  Author URL.
Andersen TB, Bendiksen M, Pedersen JM, Ørntoft C, Brito J, Jackman SR, Williams CA, Krustrup P (2012). Kicking velocity and physical, technical, tactical match performance for U18 female football players--effect of a new ball. Hum Mov Sci, 31(6), 1624-1638. Abstract.  Author URL.
Breese BC, Barker AR, Armstrong N, Jones AM, Williams CA (2012). The effect of baseline metabolic rate on pulmonary O₂ uptake kinetics during very heavy intensity exercise in boys and men. Respir Physiol Neurobiol, 180(2-3), 223-229. Abstract.  Author URL.
Lloyd RS, Oliver JL, Hughes MG, Williams CA (2012). The effects of 4-weeks of plyometric training on reactive strength index and leg stiffness in male youths. J Strength Cond Res, 26(10), 2812-2819. Abstract.  Author URL.
Eastman S, Redden RF, Williams CA (2012). Venograms for Use in Laminitis Treatment. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science, 32(11), 757-759. Abstract.
Williams CA, Saynor ZL, Barker AR, Oades PJ (2012). WS16.2 the reliability of maximal cardiopulmonary exercise testing for young cystic fibrosis patients. Journal of Cystic Fibrosis, 11
Armstrong N (2012). Young people are fit and active - Fact or fiction?. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE, 1(3), 131-140.  Author URL.
Williams CA, Armstrong N (2011). Children and exercise XXVII: the proceedings of the XXVII<sup>th</sup> international symposium of the European group of Pediatric work physiology, September, 2011. International Symposium of the European Group of Pediatric Work Physiology, September, 2011, 1-333. Abstract.
Bouchant A, Abdelmoula A, Martin V, Lavet C, Williams CA, Ratel S (2011). Comparative analysis of quadriceps endurance during sustained submaximal isometric contractions in children and adults. , 91-95.
Barker AR, Bond B, Toman C, Williams CA, Armstrong N (2011). Critical power in adolescents: physiological bases and assessment using all-out exercise. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 1-12.
Williams C (2011). Environmental factors affecting elite young athletes. Med Sport Sci, 56, 150-170. Abstract.  Author URL.
Barker AR, Williams CA, Jones AM, Armstrong N (2011). Establishing maximal oxygen uptake in young people during a ramp cycle test to exhaustion. BRITISH JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE, 45(6), 498-503.  Author URL.
Stevens D, Oades PJ, Armstrong N, Williams CA (2011). Exercise metabolism during moderate-intensity exercise in children with cystic fibrosis following heavy-intensity exercise. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab, 36(6), 920-927. Abstract.  Author URL.
Nimmerichter A, Eston RG, Bachl N, Williams C (2011). Longitudinal monitoring of power output and heart rate profiles in elite cyclists. J Sports Sci, 29(8), 831-840. Abstract.  Author URL.
Matos NF, Winsley RJ, Williams CA (2011). Prevalence of nonfunctional overreaching/overtraining in young English athletes. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 43(7), 1287-1294. Abstract.  Author URL.
Williams CA, Oliver JL, Faulkner J (2011). Seasonal monitoring of sprint and jump performance in a soccer youth academy. Int J Sports Physiol Perform, 6(2), 264-275. Abstract.  Author URL.
Lloyd RS, Oliver JL, Hughes MG, Williams CA (2011). Specificity of test selection for the appropriate assessment of different measures of stretch-shortening cycle function in children. JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE AND PHYSICAL FITNESS, 51(4), 595-602.  Author URL.
Ford P, de Ste Croix M, Lloyd R, Meyers R, Moosavi M, Oliver J, Till K, Williams C (2011). The Long-Term Athlete Development model: Physiological evidence and application. Journal of Sports Sciences, 29(4), 389-402. Abstract.
Mauger AR, Jones AM, Williams CA (2011). The effect of non-contingent and accurate performance feedback on pacing and time trial performance in 4-km track cycling. Br J Sports Med, 45(3), 225-229. Abstract.  Author URL.
Breese BC, Armstrong N, Barker AR, Williams CA (2011). The effect of pedal rate on pulmonary O2 uptake kinetics during very heavy intensity exercise in trained and untrained teenage boys. Respir Physiol Neurobiol, 177(2), 149-154. Abstract.  Author URL.
Williams CA, Aucouturier J, Doré E, Duché P, Ratel S (2011). The health benefits of aerobic activity and physical fitness in young people. , 143-167. Abstract.
Lloyd RS, Oliver JL, Hughes MG, Williams CA (2011). The influence of chronological age on periods of accelerated adaptation of stretch-shortening cycle performance in pre and postpubescent boys. J Strength Cond Res, 25(7), 1889-1897. Abstract.  Author URL.
Stevens D, Oades PJ, Armstrong N, Williams CA (2010). A survey of exercise testing and training in UK cystic fibrosis clinics. J Cyst Fibros, 9(5), 302-306. Abstract.  Author URL.
Willcocks RJ, Williams CA, Barker AR, Fulford J, Armstrong N (2010). Age- and sex-related differences in muscle phosphocreatine and oxygenation kinetics during high-intensity exercise in adolescents and adults. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE, 23(6), 569-577.  Author URL.
Williams CA (2010). Antioxidant supplementation to the exercising horse. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 39(SUPPL. 1), 145-150. Abstract.
Westendorf ML, Joshua T, Komar SJ, Williams C, Govindasamy R (2010). CASE STUDY: Manure Management Practices on New Jersey Equine Farms. Professional Animal Scientist, 26(1), 123-129. Abstract.
Greene EA, Griffin AS, Whittle J, Williams CA, Howard AB, Anderson KP (2010). Development and usage of eXtension's HorseQuest: an online resource. Journal of Animal Science, 88(8), 2829-2837. Abstract.
Teng CL (2010). Editor's note. Malaysian Family Physician, 5(1).
Westendorf ML, Joshua T, Komar SJ, Williams C, Govindasamy R (2010). Effectiveness of Cooperative Extension Manure Management Programs. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science, 30(6), 322-325. Abstract.
Nimmerichter A, Williams C, Bachl N, Eston R (2010). Evaluation of a field test to assess performance in elite cyclists. Int J Sports Med, 31(3), 160-166. Abstract.  Author URL.
Abu-Hasan M, Armstrong N, Andersen LB, Weinberger M, Nixon PA (2010). Exercise in Children during Health and Sickness. International Journal of Pediatrics, 2010, 1-2.
Williams CA, Benden C, Stevens D, Radtke T (2010). Exercise training in children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis: theory into practice. Int J Pediatr, 2010 Abstract.  Author URL.
Montfort-Steiger V, Williams CA, Armstrong N, Fulford J (2010). GASTRIC EMPTYING RATE OF YOUNG CYCLISTS BY MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING: THREE CASE STUDIES. JOURNAL OF EXERCISE SCIENCE & FITNESS, 8(1), 34-40.  Author URL.
Mauger AR, Jones AM, Williams CA (2010). Influence of acetaminophen on performance during time trial cycling. J Appl Physiol (1985), 108(1), 98-104. Abstract.  Author URL.
Mauger AR, Jones AM, Williams CA (2010). Influence of exercise variation on the retention of a pacing strategy. Eur J Appl Physiol, 108(5), 1015-1023. Abstract.  Author URL.
Lamprecht E, Bagnell C, Williams C (2010). Lamprecht et al. Inflammatory responses to three modes of intense exercise in standardbred mares - a pilot study. Comparative Exercise Physiology, 7(3), 151-152.
Breese BC, Williams CA, Barker AR, Weisman JR, Fawkner SG, Armstrong N (2010). Longitudinal Changes in the Oxygen Uptake Kinetic Response to Heavy-Intensity Exercise in 14- to 16-Year-Old Boys (Reprinted from PES, vol 22). PEDIATRIC EXERCISE SCIENCE, 22(2), 314-325.  Author URL.
Breese BC, Williams CA, Barker AR, Welsman JR, Fawker SG, Armstrong N (2010). Longitudinal changes in the oxygen uptake kinetic response to heavy-intensity exercise in 14- to 16-year-old boys. Pediatric Exercise Science, 22(1), 69-80.
Williams CA, Burk AO (2010). Nutrient intake during an elite level three-day event competition is correlated to inflammatory markers and antioxidant status. Equine Veterinary Journal, 42(SUPPL. 38), 116-122. Abstract.
Leahy ER, Burk AO, Greene EA, Williams CA (2010). Nutrition-associated problems facing elite level three-day eventing horses. Equine Veterinary Journal, 42(SUPPL. 38), 370-374. Abstract.
Arent SM, Pellegrino JK, Williams CA, Difabio DA, Greenwood JC (2010). Nutritional supplementation, performance, and oxidative stress in college soccer players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 24(4), 1117-1124. Abstract.
Smarsh DN, Liburt N, Streltsova J, McKeever K, Williams CA (2010). Oxidative stress and antioxidant status in intensely exercising horses administered nutraceutical extracts. Equine Veterinary Journal, 42(SUPPL. 38), 317-322. Abstract.
Barker AR, Breese BC, Willcocks RJ, Williams CA, Armstrong N (2010). The importance of exercise intensity when studying developmental energy metabolism. Journal of Applied Physiology, 109(5), 1565-1566.
Fiorellino NM, Lamprecht ED, Williams CA (2009). Absorption of Different Oral Formulations of Natural Vitamin E in Horses. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science, 29(2), 100-104. Abstract.
De Ste Croix MBA, Deighan MA, Ratel S, Armstrong N (2009). Age and Sex Associated differences in Isokinetic Knee Muscle Endurance Between Young Children and Adults. Applied Physiology, Nutrition and Metabolism, 34, 725-731.
Radtke T, Stevens D, Benden C, Williams CA (2009). Clinical Exercise Testing in Children and Adolescents with Cystic Fibrosis. PEDIATRIC PHYSICAL THERAPY, 21(3), 275-281.  Author URL.
Dekerle J, Williams C, McGawley K, Carter H (2009). Critical power is not attained at the end of an isokinetic 90-second all-out test in children. J Sports Sci, 27(4), 379-385. Abstract.  Author URL.
Williams CA, Ratel S (2009). Definitions of muscle fatigue. , 3-16.
Stevens D, Oades PJ, Armstrong N, Williams CA (2009). Early oxygen uptake recovery following exercise testing in children with chronic chest diseases. Pediatr Pulmonol, 44(5), 480-488. Abstract.  Author URL.
Teng CL (2009). Editor's note. Malaysian Family Physician, 4(2-3).
Nimmerichter A, Bachl N, Williams C, Eston R (2009). Evaluation of a Field Test to Assess Performance in Elite Cyclists. International Journal of Sports Medicine
Treiber K, Carter R, Gay L, Williams C, Geor R (2009). Inflammatory and redox status of ponies with a history of pasture-associated laminitis. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, 129(3-4), 216-220. Abstract.
Lamprecht ED, Bagnell CA, Williams CA (2009). Inflammatory responses to three modes of intense exercise in Standardbred mares – a pilot study. Comparative Exercise Physiology, 5(3-4), 115-125. Abstract.
Mauger AR, Jones AM, Williams CA (2009). Influence of feedback and prior experience on pacing during a 4-km cycle time trial. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 41(2), 451-458. Abstract.  Author URL.
Williams CA, Willcocks RJ, Barker AR, Fulford J, Armstrong N (2009). Muscle Phosphocreatine Kinetics in Children and Adults During High-intensity Exercise. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 41(5).
Ratel S, Duché P, Williams CA (2009). Muscle fatigue in children. , 79-102.
Armstrong N, Barker AR (2009). Oxygen uptake kinetics in children and adolescents: a review. Pediatr Exerc Sci, 21(2), 130-147. Abstract.
Williams CA, Ratel S (2009). Preface. Human Muscle Fatigue, xvii-xviii.
Williams CA, Ratel S (2009). Preface. Human Muscle Fatigue, 9780203885482, xvii-xviii.
Oliver J, Armstrong N, Williams CAP (2009). Relationship between brief and prolonged repeated sprint ability. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 12, 238-243.
Lloyd RS, Oliver JL, Hughes MG, Williams CA (2009). Reliability and validity of field-based measures of leg stiffness and reactive strength index in youths. JOURNAL OF SPORTS SCIENCES, 27(14), 1565-1573.  Author URL.
Winsley RJ, Fulford J, Roberts A, Welsman JR, Armstrong N (2009). Sex difference in Peak Oxygen Uptake in Prepubertal Children. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 12, 647-651.
Arent SM, Davitt P, Golem DL, Williams CA, McKeever KH, Jaouhari C (2009). The effects of a post-workout nutraceutical drink on body composition, performance and hormonal and biochemical responses in Division I college football players. Comparative Exercise Physiology, 6(2), 73-80. Abstract.
Brokenshire CS, Armstrong N, Williams CA (2009). The reliability of adolescent thermoregulatory responses during a heat acclimation protocol. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 8(4), 689-695. Abstract.
Williams CA, Gordon ME, Betros CL, McKeever KH (2008). Apoptosis and antioxidant status are influenced by age and exercise training in horses. Journal of Animal Science, 86(3), 576-583. Abstract.
Oliver JL, Armstrong N, Williams CA (2008). Changes in jump performance and muscle activity following soccer specific exercise. Journal of Sports Sciences, 26(2), 141-148.
Williams CA, Dekerle J, McGawley K, Berthoin S, Carter H (2008). Critical power in adolescent boys and girls--an exploratory study. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab, 33(6), 1105-1111. Abstract.  Author URL.
Burk AO, Williams CA (2008). Feeding management practices and supplement use in top-level event horses. Comparative Exercise Physiology, 5(2), 85-93. Abstract.
Willcocks RJ, Barker AR, Fulford J, Welford D, Welsman JR, Armstrong N, Williams CA (2008). Kinetics of Phosphocreatine and Deoxyhemoglobin in Children and Adults During High-Intensity Exercise. MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE, 40(5), S20-S20.  Author URL.
Barker AR, Welsman JR, Fulford J, Welford D, Williams CA, Armstrong N (2008). Muscle phosphocreatine and pulmonary oxygen uptake kinetics in children at the onset and offset of moderate intensity exercise. Eur J Appl Physiol, 102(6), 727-738. Abstract.  Author URL.
Barker AR, Welsman JR, Fulford J, Welford D, Armstrong N (2008). Muscle phosphocreatine kinetics in children and adults at the onset and offset of moderate-intensity exercise. J Appl Physiol (1985), 105(2), 446-456. Abstract.  Author URL.
Williams CA (2008). Oxidative stress or oxidant/antioxidant dis-equilibrium in horses? a hot topic. Veterinary Journal, 177(2), 157-158.
Hess TM, Greiwe-Crandell KM, Waldron JE, Williams CA, Lopes MA, Gay LS, Harris PA, Kronfeld DS (2008). Potassium-free electrolytes and calcium supplementation in an endurance race. Comparative Exercise Physiology, 5(1), 33-41. Abstract.
Williams CA (2008). Program development for the multisport high school athlete. Strength and Conditioning Journal, 30(4), 51-55. Abstract.
Barker AR, Welsman JR, Fulford J, Welford D, Armstrong N (2008). Quadriceps Muscle Phosphocreatine and Deoxygenation Kinetics in Children and Adults at the Onset of Moderate Intensity Exercise. MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE, 40(5), S20-S20.  Author URL.
Williams CA, Willcocks RJ, Barker AR, Fulford J, Welford D, Welsman JR, Armstrong N (2008). Recovery of Muscle Oxygenation and Phosphocreatine in Children and Adults Following High-Intensity Quadriceps Exercise. MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE, 40(5), S20-S20.  Author URL.
Nelson MT, Biltz G, Winsley R, Armstrong N, Fawkner S, Bywater K, Dengel DR (2008). Reliability of Heart Rate Variability by Sample Entropy at Rest and During Light Exercise in Children. MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE, 40(5), S282-S282.  Author URL.
Williams CA, Lamprecht ED (2008). Some commonly fed herbs and other functional foods in equine nutrition: a review. Veterinary Journal, 178(1), 21-31. Abstract.
Williams CA, Chedzoy S (2008). The Benefits of Being Physically Active. Primary Scienc. Primary Science(March/April), 5-7.
Sharp NCC, Williams CA (2007). 20<sup>th</sup> anniversary of the Children's Health and Exercise Centre, University of Exeter, UK. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 6(3).
Montfort-Steiger V, Williams CA (2007). Carbohydrate intake considerations for young athletes. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 6(3), 343-352.
Stevens D, Williams CA (2007). Exercise testing and training with the young cystic fibrosis patient. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 6(3), 286-291.
Hess TM, Kronfeld DS, Treiber KH, Crandell KE, Waldron JN, Williams CA, Staniar WB, Lopes MA, Harris PA (2007). Fat adaptation affects insulin sensitivity and elimination of horses during an 80 km endurance ride. Pferdeheilkunde, 23(3), 241-246. Abstract.
Brickley G, Green S, Jenkins DJ, McEinery M, Wishart C, Doust JH, Williams CA (2007). Muscle metabolism during constant and alternating intensity exercise around critical power. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 28, 303-315.
Brickley G, Green S, Jenkins DG, McEinery M, Wishart C, Doust JD, Williams CA (2007). Muscle metabolism during constant- and alternating-intensity exercise around critical power. Int J Sports Med, 28(4), 300-305. Abstract.  Author URL.
Williams CA (2007). Physiological changes of the young athlete and the effects on sports performance. SportEx Medicine, 6-11.
Oliver JL, Armstrong N, Williams CA (2007). Reliability and Validity of a Soccer-Specific Test of Prolonged Repeated-Sprint Ability. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS PHYSIOLOGY AND PERFORMANCE, 2(2), 137-149.  Author URL.
Winsley RJ, Middlebrooke AR, Armstrong N, Williams CA (2006). Aerobic fitness and visceral adipose tissue in children. Acta Paeditrica, 95(11), 1435-1438.
Winsley RJ, Armstrong N, Middlebrooke AR, Ramos-Ibanez N, Williams CA (2006). Aerobic fitness and visceral adipose tissue in children. Acta Paediatr, 95(11), 1435-1438. Abstract.  Author URL.
Ratel S, Williams CA, Oliver J, Armstrong N (2006). Effects of age and recovery duration on performance during multiple treadmill sprints. Int J Sports Med, 27(1), 1-8. Abstract.  Author URL.
Ratel S, Williams CA (2006). Muscle fatigue during high-intensity exercise in children. Sports Medicine, 36, 1031-1065.
Williams CA, Carlucci SA (2006). Oral vitamin E supplementation on oxidative stress, vitamin and antioxidant status in intensely exercised horses. Equine Veterinary Journal, 38(SUPPL.36), 617-621. Abstract.
Williams CA, Doust J, Hammond A (2006). Power output and VO2 responses during 30s maximal isokinetic sprints at different cadences in comparison to the Wingate test. Isokinetic and Exercise Science, 14(4), 327-333.
Barker AR, Welsman JR, Welford D, Fulford J, Williams CA, Armstrong N (2006). Reliability of 31P-magnetic resonance spectroscopy during an exhaustive incremental exercise test in children. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 98(6), 556-565.
Barker A, Welsman J, Welford D, Fulford J, Williams C, Armstrong N (2006). Reliability of 31P-magnetic resonance spectroscopy during an exhaustive incremental exercise test in children. Eur J Appl Physiol, 98(6), 556-565. Abstract.  Author URL.
Oliver JL, Williams CA, Armstrong N (2006). Reliability of a field and laboratory test of repeated sprint ability. Pediatric Exercise Science, 18(3), 339-350. Abstract.
Oliver JL, Williams CA, Armstrong N (2006). The reliability and validity of running tests of repeated sprint ability. Pediatric Exercise Science, 18, 339-350.
Williams CA, Ratel S, Armstrong N (2005). Achievement of peak VO2 during a 90-s maximal intensity cycle sprint in adolescents. Can J Appl Physiol, 30(2), 157-171. Abstract.  Author URL.
Ratel S, Williams CAP, Oliver JL, Armstrong N (2005). Effects of Age and Recovery Duration on Performance During Multiple Treadmill Sprints. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 26, 1-8.
Hess TM, Kronfeld DS, Williams CA, Waldron JN, Graham-Thiers P, Greiwe-Crandell K, Lopes MA, Harris PA (2005). Effects of oral potassium supplementation on acid-base status and plasma ion concentrations of horses during endurance exercise. American Journal of Veterinary Research, 66(3), 466-473. Abstract.
Carter H, Dekerle J, Brickley G, Williams CAP (2005). Physiological responses to 90 s all out isokinetic sprint cycling in boys and men. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 4, 437-445.
Carter H, Dekerle J, Brickley G, Williams CAP (2005). Physiological responses to 90 s all out isokinetic sprint cycling in boys and men. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 4, 437-445.
Winsley RJ, Fulford J, Macleod K, Ramos-Ibanez N, Armstrong N, Williams CA (2005). Prediction of Visceral Adipose Tissue Using Air Displacement Plethysmography in Children. Obesity Research, 13(12), 2048-2051.
Winsley RJ, Fulford J, MacLeod KM, Ramos-Ibanez N, Williams CA, Armstrong N (2005). Prediction of visceral adipose tissue using air displacement plethysmography in children. Obes Res, 13(12), 2048-2051. Abstract.  Author URL.
Ordakowski-Burk AL, Kronfeld DS, Williams CA, Gay LS, Sklan DJ (2005). Temporal folate status during lactation in mares and growth in foals. American Journal of Veterinary Research, 66(7), 1214-1221. Abstract.
Williams CAP, Ratel S, Armstrong N (2005). The achievement of peak VO2 during a 90 s maximal intensity cycle sprint in adolescent children. Canadian Journal of Applied Physiology, 30(2), 157-171.
Montfort-Steiger V, Williams CA, Armstrong N (2005). The reproducibility of an endurance performance test in adolescent cyclists. Eur J Appl Physiol, 94(5-6), 618-625. Abstract.  Author URL.
Williams CA, Kronfeld DS, Hess TM, Saker KE, Waldron JN, Crandell KM, Hoffman RM, Harris PA (2004). Antioxidant supplementation and subsequent oxidative stress of horses during an 80-km endurance race. Journal of Animal Science, 82(2), 588-594. Abstract.
Ratel S, Williams CA, Oliver J, Armstrong N (2004). Effects of age and mode of exercise on power output profiles during repeated sprints. Eur J Appl Physiol, 92(1-2), 204-210. Abstract.  Author URL.
Ratel S, Lazaar N, Dore E, Baquet G, Williams CA, Berthoin S, Van Praagh E, Bedu M, Duche P (2004). High-intensity intermittent activities at school: Controversies and facts. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 44(3), 272-280. Abstract.
Ratel S, Duche P, Hautier CA, Williams CAP, Bedu M (2004). Physiological responses during cycling with noncircular “Harmonic” and circular chainrings. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 91, 100-104.
Moore MS, Dodd CJ, Welsman JR, Armstrong N (2004). Short-term appetite and energy intake following imposed exercise in 9- to 10-year-old girls. Appetite, 43(2), 127-134. Abstract.  Author URL.
Day SH, Williams C, Folland JP, Gohlke P, Williams AG (2004). The acute effects of exercise and glucose ingestion on circulating angiotensin-converting enzyme in humans. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 92(4-5).
S R, N L, CA W, M B, P DX (2003). Age differences in human skeletal muscle fatigue during high-intensity intermittent exercise. Acta Paediatrica, 92(11), 1248-1254.
Ratel S, Lazaar N, Williams CA, Bedu M, Duché P (2003). Age differences in human skeletal muscle fatigue during high-intensity intermittent exercise. Acta Paediatrica, International Journal of Paediatrics, 92(11), 1248-1254. Abstract.
McMorris T, Tallon M, Williams C, Sproule J, Draper S, Swain J, Potter J, Clayton N (2003). Incremental exercise, plasma concentrations of catecholamines, reaction time, and motor time during performance of a noncompatible choice response time task. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 97(2), 590-604. Abstract.
Williams CA, Dore E, Albaan J, Van Praagh E (2003). Short term power output in 9 year old children: Typical error between ergometers and protocols. Pediatric Exercise Science, 15(3), 302-312.
Williams CAP, Hammond A, Doust JH (2003). Short term power output of females during isokinetic cycling. Isokinetics and Exercise Science, 11, 123-131.
Brickley G, Doust J, Williams CAP (2002). Physiological responses during exercise to exhaustion at critical power. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 88, 146-151.
Hoffman RM, Hess TM, Williams CA, Kronfeld DS, Griewe-Crandell KM, Waldron JE, Graham-Thiers PM, Gay LS, Splan RK, Saker KE, et al (2002). Speed associated with plasma pH, oxygen content, total protein and urea in an 80 km race. Equine veterinary journal. Supplement(34), 39-43. Abstract.
Williams CA, Lopes P (2002). The influence of ventilatory control on heart variability in children. Journal of Sport Sciences, 20, 407-415.
Karila C, de Blic J, Waernessyckle S, Benoist M-R, Scheinmann P (2001). Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Children. Chest, 120(1), 81-87.
Williams CAP, Keen P (2001). Isokinetic measurement of maximal muscle power during leg cycling – a comparison of adolescent boys and adult men. Pediatric Exercise Science, 13, 154-166.
Williams CA, Carter H, Jones AM, Doust JH (2001). Oxygen uptake kinetics during treadmill running in boys and men. J Appl Physiol (1985), 90(5), 1700-1706. Abstract.  Author URL.
Williams CAP, Carter H, Jones AM, Doust JH (2001). Oxygen uptake kinetics during treadmill running in children and adults. Journal of Applied Physiology, 90, 1700-1706.
Williams CA, Kronfeld DS, Staniar WB, Harris PA (2001). Plasma glucose and insulin responses of Thoroughbred mares fed a meal high in starch and sugar or fat and fiber. Journal of Animal Science, 79(8), 2196-2201. Abstract.
Williams CA, Armstrong N, Powell J (2000). Aerobic responses of prepubertal boys to two modes of training. Br J Sports Med, 34(3), 168-173. Abstract.  Author URL.
Carter H, Jones AM, Barstow TJ, Burnley M, Williams CAP, Doust JH (2000). Effect of endurance training on oxygen uptake kinetics during treadmill running. Journal of Applied Physiology, 89, 1744-1752.
Carter H, Jones AM, Barstow TJ, Burnley M, Williams C, Doust JH (2000). Effect of endurance training on oxygen uptake kinetics during treadmill running. J Appl Physiol, 89(5), 1744-1752. Abstract.
Armstrong N, Welsman JR, Williams CA, Kirby BJ (2000). Longitudinal changes in young people's short-term power output. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 32(6), 1140-1145. Abstract.  Author URL.
Brickley G, Jenkins DJ, Green S, Williams CA, Wishart C, McEinery M, Doust J (2000). Metabolic responses to intermittent exercise using the critical power concept. Journal of Sports Sciences, 18(7), 526-527.
Carter H, Jones AM, Barstow TJ, Burnley M, Williams CA, Doust JH (2000). Oxygen uptake kinetics in treadmill running and cycle ergometry: a comparison. J Appl Physiol, 89(3), 899-907. Abstract.
Carter H, Jones AM, Doust JH, Burnley M, Williams CAP, Barstow TJ (2000). The comparison of VO2 kinetics in treadmill running and cycling ergometry. Journal of Applied Physiology, 89, 899-907.
Burnley M, Carter H, Jones AM, Williams CA, Doust JH (2000). The effect of two different mathematical modelling procedures on the characterization of oxygen uptake kinetics during heavy exercise. Journal of Sports Sciences, 18(1), 28-29.
Burnley M, Carter H, Jones AM, Williams CA, Doust JH (2000). The effects of prior exercise on phase II pulmonary oxygen uptake kinetics and the slow component during heavy exercise in humans. Journal of Sports Sciences, 18(7).
Williams CA (1999). Anaerobic cycling performance of young people. Sport and Medicina, 5, 21-27.
Williams CA, Smith J, Ainsley J (1999). The effects of a physiotherapy intervention programme on children with developmental co-ordination disorder. Association of Paediatric Chartered Physiotherapists, 91, 32-40.
Williams CA, Bale P (1998). Bias and limits of agreement between hydrodensitometry, bioelectrical impedance and skinfold calipers measures of percentage body fat. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol, 77(3), 271-277. Abstract.  Author URL.
Armstrong N, Welsman JR, Kirby BJ, Williams CA (1998). LONGITUDINAL CHANGES IN WINGATE ANAEROBIC TEST PERFORMANCE. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 30(5).
Williams CA (1998). Young people and physical activity - a literature review. HEALTH EDUCATION RESEARCH, 13(1), 156-157.  Author URL.
Williams CA (1998). Young people and physical activity - Promoting better practice. HEALTH EDUCATION RESEARCH, 13(1), 157-157.  Author URL.
Williams CA (1997). Children’s and Adolescents’ Anaerobic Performance During Cycle Ergometry. Sports Medicine, 24, 227-240.
Willíams CA, Singh M (1997). Dynamic trunk strength of Canadian football players, soccer players, and middle to long distance runners. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther, 25(4), 271-276. Abstract.  Author URL.
McManus AM, Armstrong N, Williams CA (1997). Effect of training on the aerobic power and anaerobic performance of prepubertal girls. Acta Paediatr, 86(5), 456-459. Abstract.  Author URL.
Williams CA, Armstrong N, Eves N, Faulkner A (1996). Peak aerobic fitness of visually impaired and sighted adolescent girls. Journal of Visual Impairment and Blindness, 90(6), 495-500. Abstract.
Williams CA (1994). Child-Adult Anaerobic Performance Differences. British Journal of Physical Education, 25(2).
FOX K, PAGE A, ARMSTRONG N, KIRBY B (1994). DIETARY RESTRAINT AND SELF-PERCEPTIONS IN EARLY ADOLESCENCE. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES, 17(1), 87-96.  Author URL.
Williams CA, Armstrong N (1993). Test-Retest Reproducibility of Optimised Peak Power Output During Maximal Sprint Pedalling. British Journal of Physical Education, Research Supplement, 13, 12-15.

Chapters

Radnor JM, Kelly AL, Williams CA, Oliver JL (2023). Physical. In  (Ed) Talent Identification and Development in Youth Soccer, Routledge, 47-66.
Radnor JM, Kelly AL, Williams CA, Oliver JL (2023). Physical: Considering the influence of maturity status on physical performance. In  (Ed) Talent Identification and Development in Youth Soccer: a Guide for Researchers and Practitioners, 47-66.
Williams C, McNarry M, Tolfrey K (2022). Exercise testing in children. In  (Ed) Sport and Exercise Physiology Testing Guidelines: Volume II - Exercise and Clinical Testing: the British Association of Sport and Exercise Sciences Guide, 277-283.
Williams CA, Barker AR (2021). The role of physical activity, exercise, and fitness in medicine. In  (Ed) Exercise and Respiratory Diseases in Paediatrics, 1-20.
Vlachopoulos D, Williams C, Helge E, Aagaard P, Jørgensen N, Krustrup P (2020). Football for promotion of bone health across lifespan. In Krustrup P, Parnell D (Eds.) Football as Medicine: Prescribing football for global health promotion, Routledge, 41-57. Abstract.  Author URL.
Winsley R, Williams C (2020). Non-functional overreaching and overtraining in young swimmers. In Dekerle J (Ed) High performance youth swimming, New York: Routledge.
Barker A, Gracia-Marco L, Vlachopoulos D, Williams C (2018). Growth, Maturation, and Physical Fitness. In Norton K, Eston R (Eds.) Kinanthropometry and Exercise Physiology, London: Routledge.
Freeman P, Leslie A, Leger H, Williams C (2013). How important are the values of significant others?: the influence of physical education teachers’ values and types of school on youth sport values. In  (Ed) Values in Youth Sport and Physical Education, 178-190. Abstract.
Williams CAP, Wood L, De Ste Croix M (2011). Growth and maturation during childhood. In Croix MDS, Korff T (Eds.) Paediatric Biomechanics and Motor Control, Routledge, 3-26.
Williams C (2010). Environmental factors affecting elite young athletes. In  (Ed) The Elite Young Athlete, 150-170. Abstract.
Aucouturier J, Doré E, Ratel S, Williams CA, Duche P (2010). Substrates Mobilization and Utilization during Aerobic Exercise: Metabolic Health Benefits. In Coloumbus F (Ed) Aerobic Exercise: Types, Duration and Health Benefits, New York: Nova Science Publishers.
Williams CA, Aucouturier J, Dore E, Duche P, Ratel S (2010). The Health Benefits of Aerobic Activity and Physical Fitness in Young People. In  (Ed) Aerobic Exercise: Types, Duration and Health Benefits, New York: Nova Science Publishers.
Williams CA, Ratel S (2009). DEFINITIONS OF MUSCLE FATIGUE. In  (Ed) Human Muscle Fatigue, 3-16. Abstract.
Ratel S, Duché P, Williams CA (2009). MUSCLE FATIGUE IN CHILDREN. In  (Ed) Human Muscle Fatigue, 79-102. Abstract.
Armstrong N, Welsman J, Williams CA (2008). Assessment of Maximal Intensity Exercise. In Armstrong N, Mechelen WV (Eds.) Paediatric Exercise Science and Medicine, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 55-66.
Ratel S, Williams CA (2008). Children’s Musculoskeletal System: New Research Perspectives. In Beaulieu NP (Ed) Physical Activity and Children: New Research, New York: Nova Publications, 117-135.
Armstrong N, Welsman JR, Williams CA (2008). Maximal Intensity Exercise. In Armstrong N, Mechelen WV (Eds.) Paediatric Exercise Science and Medicine, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 55-66.
Williams CA (2008). Maximal Intensity Exercise. In Armstrong N, Mechelen WV (Eds.) Paediatric Exercise Science and Medicine, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 227-242.
Williams CA (2007). Chapter 11 Exercise and environmental conditions. In  (Ed) Paediatric Exercise Physiology, Elsevier, 235-273.
Williams CA (2007). Exercise and Environmental Conditions. In Armstrong N (Ed) Paediatric Exercise Physiology, London: Elsevier, 235-274.
Williams CA (2007). Exercise and environmental conditions. In  (Ed) Paediatric Exercise Physiology: Advances in Sport and Exercise Science series, 235-273.
Stratton G, Williams CA (2006). Children and Fitness Testing. In Winter EM, Jones AM, Davison RCR, Bromley PD, Mercer TH (Eds.) Sport and Exercise Physiology Testing Guidelines: the British Association of Sport and Exercise Sciences Guide, Oxon: Routledge, UK, 211-223.
Stratton G, Williams CA (2006). Children and Fitness Testing. In Winter EM, Jones AM, Davison RCR, Bromley PD, Mercer TH (Eds.) Sport and Exercise Physiology Testing Guidelines. The British Association of Sport and Exercise Sciences Guide, Oxon: Routledge, UK, 321-333.
Pate RR, Trost SG, Williams CAP (1998). Critique of existing guidelines for physical activity in youth. In Biddle, S, Sallis, J, Cavill, N (Eds.) Young and Active - Current Policy and Implications, Health Education Authority, 162-176.

Conferences

Tomlinson O, Markham L, Wollerton R, Williams C, Gibbons M, Scotton C (2023). P98 Ventilatory dynamics and clinical status during cardiopulmonary exercise testing in patients with interstitial lung disease. ‘Take my breath away’ – Novel diagnostics in respiratory disease.
Kranen S, Tomlinson O, Williams C, Gibbons M, Scotton C (2022). P31 Comparison of percent predicted and percentile values for VO2max in people with interstitial lung disease. British Thoracic Society Winter Meeting.
Cox N, Eldridge B, Rawlings S, Dreger J, Corda J, Hauser J, Button B, Bishop J, Nichols A, Middleton A, et al (2022). Web-based physical activity promotion in CF: a clinical trial.  Author URL.
Mann R, Clarsen B, McKay C, Clift B, Williams C, Barker A (2021). 304 Prevalence and burden of health problems in competitive adolescent distance runners: a 6-month prospective cohort study. Poster Presentations.
Mann R, McKay C, Barker A, Williams C, Clift B (2021). 469 Running-related injury in competitive adolescent distance runners: a qualitative study of psychosocial responses. Poster Presentations.
Stoate ALE, Tomlinson OW, Dobson L, Williams CA (2021). P127 The longitudinal effect of dysglycaemia on the ventilatory and aerobic function in children and adults with cystic fibrosis. British Thoracic Society Winter Meeting, Wednesday 17 to Friday 19 February 2021, Programme and Abstracts.
Tomlinson OW, Markham L, Wollerton RL, Knight BA, Duckworth A, Williams CA, Gibbons M, Scotton CJ (2021). S14 The utility of the oxygen uptake efficiency plateau as a submaximal exercise biomarker in interstitial lung disease. British Thoracic Society Winter Meeting, Wednesday 17 to Friday 19 February 2021, Programme and Abstracts.
Tomlinson O, Jakaityte I, Markham L, Wollerton R, Knight B, Duckworth A, Spiers A, Williams C, Gibbons M, Scotton C, et al (2020). Aerobic Fitness, but Not Breathlessness is Associated with Physical Activity Status in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. American Thoracic Society.
Markham L, Tomlinson O, Wollerton R, Knight BA, Duckworth A, Spiers A, Williams CA, Gibbons MA, Scotton CJ (2019). Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing as a Longitudinal Clinical Tool in Interstitial Lung Disease Management.  Author URL.
Vlachopoulos D, Barker AR, Williams CA, Gracia-Marco L (2019). How Different Loading Sports and a 9-Month Plyometric Intervention Programme Affect Bone Turnover Markers During Adolescence: the PRO-BONE Study. Conference of Biochemistry and Physiology of Exercise.
Vlachopoulos D, Barker A, Williams C, Gracia-Marco L (2019). How Different Loading Sports and a 9-Month Plyometric Intervention Programme Affect Bone Turnover Markers During Adolescence: the PRO-BONE Study. the 9th Conference of Biochemistry and Physiology of Exercise. Abstract.
Tomlinson OW, Markham L, Wollerton RL, Knight BA, Duckworth A, Spiers A, Williams CA, Gibbons M, Scotton CJ (2019). P4 Validity and reproducibility of cardiopulmonary exercise testing in interstitial lung disease. British Thoracic Society Winter Meeting 2019, QEII Centre, Broad Sanctuary, Westminster, London SW1P 3EE, 4 to 6 December 2019, Programme and Abstracts.
Wollerton RL, Markham L, Tomlinson OW, Knight BA, Duckworth A, Spiers A, Williams CA, Gibbons M, Scotton CJ (2019). P6 Longitudinal changes in exercise capacity and spirometry in interstitial lung disease. British Thoracic Society Winter Meeting 2019, QEII Centre, Broad Sanctuary, Westminster, London SW1P 3EE, 4 to 6 December 2019, Programme and Abstracts.
Vlachopoulos D, Barker AR, Ubago-Guisado E, Williams CA, Gracia-Marco L (2018). A 9-month Jumping Intervention to Improve Bone Acquisition in Adolescent Male Athletes: the PRO-BONE Study.  Author URL.
Wollerton RL, Tomlinson OW, Knight BA, Duckworth A, Spiers A, Williams CA, Gibbons M, Scotton CJ (2018). FEASIBILITY OF CARDIOPULMONARY EXERCISE TESTING IN IDIOPATHIC PULMONARY FIBROSIS.  Author URL.
Vlachopoulos D, Barker A, Ubago-Guisado E, Williams C, Gracia-Marco L (2018). HOW DIFFERENT LOADING SPORTS AFFECT BONE DEVELOPMENT DURING ADOLESCENCE AND HOW TO IMPROVE IT? THE PRO-BONE STUDY FINDINGS.  Author URL.
Williams CA, Ramanujam P, Miller F, Forsey J, Stewart AG, Pieles GE (2014). Myocardial Two-Dimensional Left Ventricular Strain Exercise Echocardiography in Healthy Children and Adolescents.  Author URL.
Stevens D, Oades PJ, Armstrong N, Williams CA (2008). EARLY RECOVERY OF OXYGEN UPTAKE FOLLOWING EXERCISE TESTING IN CHILDREN WITH CHRONIC CHEST DISEASES.  Author URL.
Willis-Esqueda C (2008). Introduction: Motivational aspects of prejudice and racism.  Author URL.
Willcocks RJ, Barker AR, Fulford J, Welford D, Welsman JR, Armstrong N, Williams CA (2008). Kinetics of phosphocreatine and deoxyhemoglobin in children and adults during high-intensity exercise. American College of Sports Medicine. 28th - 31st May 2008. Abstract.
Oades PJ, Stevens D, Williams CA, Armstrong N (2008). OXYGEN UPTAKE RESPONSES IN CHILDREN WITH CHRONIC CHEST DISEASES FOLLOWING SIMULATED SPORTING ACTIVITY.  Author URL.
Williams CA, Willcocks RJ, Barker AR, Fulford J, Welford D, Welsman JR, Armstrong N (2008). Recovery of muscle oxygenation and phosphocreatine in children and adults following high-intensity quadriceps exercise. American College of Sports Medicine. Abstract.
Perugini S, McDevitt K, Richardson R, Perez-Quiñones M, Shen R, Ramakrishnan N, Williams C, Fox EA (2004). Enhancing usability in CITIDEL: Multimodal, multilingual, and interactive visualization interfaces. Abstract.
Williams CA, Hoffman RM, Kronfeld DS, Hess TM, Saker KE, Harris PA (2002). Lipoic acid as an antioxidant in mature Thoroughbred geldings: a preliminary study. Abstract.
Carter H, Williams CA, Jones AM, Doust JH (2000). Oxygen uptake kinetics during treadmill running in children and adults.  Author URL.

Reports

Williams CA, Wedgwood KCA, Mohammadi H, Tomlinson OW, Tsaneva-Atanasova K (2017). Modelling of the Cardiopulmonary Responses to Maximal Aerobic Exercise in Patients with Cystic Fibrosis., Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory. 0 pages. Abstract.
Williams CAP (2003). Ethics in paediatric exercise science. BASES World.  1 pages.


Craig_Williams Details from cache as at 2024-03-29 02:30:41

Refresh publications

External Engagement and Impact

Awards/Honorary fellowships

Awarded American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) Fellow status.

Awarded British association of Sports and Exercise Sciences (BASES) Fellow status

Nuffield New Science Lecture Award

ESRC PhD Studentship Award Holder.

Winner of the Best Graduate Teacher, University of Alberta.


Editorial responsibilities

Editorial board: Pediatric Exercise Science Journal

Editorial board: Journal of Congenital Cardiology

Editorial board: Sports

Associate Editor: European Journal of Sports Science.

Regular reviewer for Acta Paediatrica, British Journal of Sports Medicine, Functional Imaging and Physiology, International Journal of Obesity, International Journal of Sports Medicine, Journal of Applied Physiology, Journal of Sports Sciences, Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise and Sports Medicine etc.


Conferences and invited presentations

Invited Symposium Participation: Physiological Concepts of Cardiac Adaptation in the Elite Childhood Athlete and Epidemiology, 7th World Congress of Pediatric Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, Barcelona, July 16th 2017.

Invited Presentation: Cardio-pulmonary and muscular training adaptations in children.

Invited Symposium Organiser and Presenter: Training children´s hearts - Cardiac adaptations to exercise and training in the childhood elite athlete and children with heart disease, ECSS, MetropolisRuhr, July 6th, 2017.

Invited Keynote Address: Paediatric exercise science from health to athletic performance, Sports Medicine Association of Singapore, May 16th, 2017.

Invited Symposium Participation: “Innovative approaches in exercise assessment and exercise rehabilitation in CHD” at EuroPrevent 2017, Malaga April 8th.

Invited Presentation: Exercise prescription and education pathways in paediatric patients with CHD Saturday.

Invited Keynote Presentation: Physical Activity, Fitness and Health of School Age Children, Høyskolen Kristiania University, Oslo Norway, 16th September, 2016.


Invited lectures

C.A. Williams, Invited expert consensus speaker, revisions of consensus guidelines for Physical Activity and Health of Youth, University of Copenhagen, Denmark, April 5-8th 2016.

C.A. Williams, Invited plenary lecture, Cardiometabolic Health of Young People, International Congress of Physical Education and Sports Science, Komitini, Greece, 2016

C.A. Williams, Invited presentation speaker Moving Mountains conference, University of Cambridge, Churchill College, March 5th, 2016.

C.A. Williams, Invited keynote speaker SportsMedica 2013, Luxembourg, benefits of cardiovascular endurance training in young adolescent athletes, May 24-26th 2013.

C.A. Williams, Invited chairperson and speaker at the How Much is Too Much Training? International Convention on Science, Education and Medicine in Sport, Glasgow, July 23rd 2012.

C.A. Williams, Invited speaker to the Developing Children into Champions Symposium – talk on the Long Term Athlete Development Plan, at the International Convention on Science, Education and Medicine in Sport, Glasgow July 24th 2012.

C.A. Williams, Invited symposium speaker, MR Spectroscopy of Skeletal Muscle Metabolism in Exercising Muscle at the ACSM conference Denver, Colorado, May 2011.

C.A. Williams, Invited speaker Exercise training in Cystic Fibrosis Children, 2nd Annual Clinical Advancements in Cystic Fibrosis Conference, British Medical Association, London, May, 2011.


Media Coverage

The work from CHERC has featured in many daily newspapers and magazines (Times, Guardian, Independent, Daily Mail and local newspapers and magazines such as Men’s Health, Top Santé, Women’s Health, Exercise (official magazine of the Exercise and Health Association). To date my work has been featured on the following; SouthWest TV and radio, Radio 4 and 5, Greater Manchester Radio, Discovery Channel, ITV Carlton, Operation Ouch and BBC2.


Significant Impact

Cystic fibrosis and exercise as a prognostic tool: This has already resulted in a change in clinical practice for patient’s annual review at the Royal Devon and Exeter hospital. My work was recently featured in an editorial in the Journal of Cystic Fibrosis (Bell and Morris, 2010) discussing the utility of exercise testing and training as a prognostic tool for children with CF. Subsequently, I was invited to Great Ormond Street Hospital (one of the world’s leading centres of clinical care for children) to present my findings to clinicians and their support teams. Our work was recently featured on the CF Unite website, an initiative set up to disseminate research work with CF patients.

Youth Activity Unlimited is one of the Cystic Fibrosis Trust’s Strategic Research Centres (SRC). I have been studying physiological responses to exercise during childhood and adolescence for over 25 years and in people with Cystic Fibrosis for over a decade, and through this research would like to help improve the health of young people with Cystic Fibrosis by giving healthcare professionals the ability to prescribe personalised exercise plans.

Read more at http://sshs.exeter.ac.uk/youthactivityunlimited/#mcEPXsJP262ESoti.99


Workshops/Conferences organised

I was the lead organiser and chaired the organising and scientific committees for the XXVII Pediatric Work Physiology conference in September 19th – 23rd 2011, hosted by CHERC, Sport and Health Sciences, and the University of Exeter. This conference is the leading international conference for paediatric exercise scientists.

In 2008, I organised a BASES workshop on Advanced Measurements in Paediatric Exercise Science held at CHERC, University of Exeter, May 17-18th.

Conference organiser for ‘Toxic Childhood’ – a meeting of national leaders to discuss the issues surrounding childhood and what makes for a happy and healthy childhood. This event was held at the University of Exeter, December 17th, 2007.

I initiated the Paediatric Exercise Science group and was the founding chair person from 2006-2009. The first BASES Special Interest group meeting of Paediatric Exercise Science held at Children’s Health and Exercise Research Centre, University of Exeter, April 3rd 2006.

In 1997 I was one of the organising committee for the XXth Pediatric Work Physiology Conference held at Moretonhampstead, Exeter.

In 1996, I was one of the three organisers along with Drs Jo Doust and Adrian Taylor for the annual student BASES conference held at the University of Brighton.

Teaching

  • ESS1506 Foundations of Sports Nutrition
  • ESS2506 Sports Nutrition
  • ESS3302/3303 Dissertation
  • ESS3703/SHSM003 Paediatric Exercise Physiology
  • SHSM014 Paediatric Exercise and Health
  • SHSM015/25 Dissertation

Modules

2023/24


Supervision / Group

Postdoctoral researchers

Postgraduate researchers

Alumni

  • Dr Adam Abdul Malik
  • Dr Bert Bond
  • Dr Brynmor Breese
  • Dr Emma Cockcroft
  • Dr Shilo Dormehl
  • Dr Shilo Dormehl
  • Luke Goggins (Dr Martin Lee legacy fund)
  • Dr Adam Kelly
  • Kathryn Lazenby
  • Dr Nuno Matos (FST Studentship)
  • Dr Alexis Mauger
  • Dr Veronica Montfort-Steiger (CONCAYT)
  • Dr Alfred Nimmerichter
  • Dr Ricardo Oliveira
  • Dr Jon Oliver
  • Dr Samantha Parnell (ESRC)
  • Dr Brigid Ridler
  • Dr Zoe Saynor
  • Dr Daniel Stevens
  • Dr Owen Tomlinson
  • Dr John Truelove
  • Dr Jo Varley (Kelloggs)
  • Dr Rebecca Willcocks (IEF Studentship)
  • Dr Andrew Williams (MRC)
  • Dr Daphne Wui

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